intracellular signalling mechanisms

Question 1

how is cortisol transported around the body

Answer 1

in a sterol carrier that is water soluble

Question 2

three main classes of cell surface receptors

Answer 2

ligand gated ion channels
G-protein coupled receptor
kinase linked receptor

Question 3

what are ligand gated ion channels

Answer 3

signal binds to receptor causing structural change and lets ion through membrane

Question 4

what is G protein receptor

Answer 4

trigger intracellular signalling cascade which involves second messenger

Question 5

kinase linked receptors=

Answer 5

signal comes and causes a change in shape- pass on the signal through intrinsic enzyme activity or by activating a kinase

Question 6

2 types of response

Answer 6

short term

long term

Question 7

what does a short term response mean

Answer 7

rapid, reversible, relies on pre-existing molecules getting released/ modified

Question 8

what does a long term response mean

Answer 8

slow, more permanent, relies on gene transcription (activation of transcription factors)

Question 9

where do hormones bind

Answer 9

on inside of cell (transcription factor receptor)

Question 10

where do neurotransmitters, growth factors, cytokines bind

Answer 10

on cell surface