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Cell Biology and Genetics > Gene Expression > Flashcards

Gene Expression Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

how is cell specialisation caused

A

different genes being expressed

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2
Q

whats a promoter

A

inhibits correct positioning of RNA polymerase

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3
Q

whats the RNA coding sequence

A

DNA sequence that’s transcribed into mRNA

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4
Q

whats a terminator/stop

A

terminates transcription of RNA

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5
Q

what way do ribosomes read RNA

A

5 -> 3

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6
Q

what way is DNA read

A

3 -> 5

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7
Q

name 3 transcription factors

A

repressors, cell signalling, intracellular molecules

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8
Q

EMC roles - 4

A

supports framework, provides an organised environment, regulates cell behaviour, connective tissues

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8
Q

how are intracellular molecules’ transcription factors

A

produced in a cell to be passed to neighbouring cells

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9
Q

whats the role of connective tissues

A

collagen and elastin support and provide a mechanical framework

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10
Q

what is the emc - long name

A

extracellular matrix

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11
Q

how does collagen work

A

creates fibrils by having a triple helix structure

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12
Q

role of EMC

A

wound healing - guides cells to correct place
stops cancer cells wandering around the cell

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13
Q

example of emc in plant cells

A

cell wall

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14
Q

how does cell wall provide strength

A

cellulose that creates microfibrils then into macrofibres

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15
Q

whats a gap junction made from

A

connexion tissues to make a connexon to form a channel

16
Q

role of gap junction

A

allows small molecules to be transported between cells

17
Q

can gap junctions allow for electrical impulses to be transferred between cells

A

Yes

18
Q

how do gap junctions prevent damage

A

close or open to stop spread of toxins etc, such as PH spike

19
Q

whats a gap junction

A

a protein complex which forms pores or channels

20
Q

How are extracellular molecules associated with transcription factors

A

by binding to the cell surface membrane that’s directly trigger pathways to activate or regulate transcription factors

21
Q

What’s an autosome

A

Any chromosome that’s not a sex chromosome

Cell Biology and Genetics (11 decks)

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