Gene Expression Flashcards
Gene expression involves both
Transcription & Translation of DNA sequences
RNA is
single stranded
RNA contains the bases
Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine and Uracil
The three types of RNA are
mRNA. tRNA and rRNA
The role of mRNA is to carry
a copy of the DNA code from the nucleus to the ribosome
The role of tRNA is to carry
specific amino acids to the ribosome
rRNA joins with protein to make
ribosomes
Transcription takes place in the
nucleus
Each triplet of bases on mRNA is called
a codon
A triplet of bases on tRNA is called
an anticodon
The enzyme involved transcription is
RNA polymerase
Introns are removed from the
primary transcript
Introns are
non coding regions
Exons are
coding regions
Exons are joined together to form a
mature transcript
The process of forming a mature transcript (from a primary transcript) is called
RNA Splicing
Translation begins at a
start codon
Translation stops at a
stop codon
The genetic code is translated into a sequence of
amino acids
Amino acids are joined together by
peptide bonds
Polypeptide chains can fold into a 3D shape and are held together by
Hydrogen bonds
Alternative RNA splicing allows
different proteins to be expressed from one gene
Proteins have different shapes because they have
different functions
