Gene

Question 1

From Greek word GEN meaning to become or to grow

Answer 1

Genetics

Question 2

Branch of biology that deals with the principles of heredity and variation in all living things.

Answer 2

Genetics

Question 3

Alternative form of a gene.

Answer 3

Allele

Question 4

Contain like genes for any character

Answer 4

Homozygous

Question 5

Contains two kinds of genes for an allelic pair

Answer 5

Heterozygous

Question 6

Appearance or assemblage of characters that are expressed; may change because of interactions with environmental and other genes

Answer 6

Phenotype

Question 7

Genetic constitution of an individual; constant

Answer 7

Genotype

Question 8

Trait that is expressed in the heterozygote

Answer 8

Dominant Trait

Question 9

Hidden in the heterozygote

Answer 9

Recessive Trait

Question 10

“Father of Genetics”

Answer 10

Gregor Mendel

Question 11

Allele occur in pairs and that in the formation of gametes, these segregate so that only one member of a pair goes into a particular gamete.

Answer 11

Law of Segregation

Question 12

Involves one (mono) character and different (hybrid) traits.

Answer 12

Monohybrid Cross

Question 13

Tool for calculating genetic probabilities

Answer 13

Punnette Squares

Question 14

Based on dihybrid crosses where two genes are considered simultaneously

Alleles in different gene pairs separate cleanly from each other and randomly combine during gamete formation

Answer 14

Law of Independent Assortment

Question 15

Are made when phenotypes and genotypes composed of two independent alleles are analysed.

Answer 15

Dihybrid Cross

Question 16

Is the transmission of traits from one generation to next

Answer 16

Heredity

Question 17

Shows that offspring differ somewhat in appearance from parents and siblings

Answer 17

Variation

Question 18

The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation

Answer 18

Genetics

Question 19

The units of heredity; are segments of DNA

Answer 19

Genes

Question 20

One parent produces genetically identical offspring by mitosis

Answer 20

Asexual Reproduction

Question 21

Two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the two parents

Answer 21

Sexual Reproduction

Question 22

Is the generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism

Answer 22

Life Cycle

Question 23

An ordered, visual representation of the chromosomes in a cell

Answer 23

Karyotype

Question 24

are two chromosomes composing a pair

have the same characteristics (traits)

may also be called AUTOSOMES

Answer 24

Homologous Chromosomes

Question 25

represented as X and Y

Answer 25

Sex Chromosomes

Question 26

Has two sets of each of its chromosomes

Answer 26

Diploid Cell

Question 27

Gametes (sperm and egg cells) are

Answer 27

Haploid Cells

Question 28

Meiosis occurs during

Answer 28

gamete formation

Question 29

Reduces the number of chromosomes from diploid to haploid

Answer 29

Meiosis I

Question 30

Produces four haploid daughter cells

Answer 30

Meiosis II

Question 31

Chromosomes duplicate

Answer 31

Interphase I

Question 32

Separates homologous chromosomes

Answer 32

Meiosis I

Question 33

Homologous chromosomes pair and exchange segments (crossing-over); 2n=6

Answer 33

Prophase I

Question 34

Tetrads line-up

Answer 34

Metaphase I

Question 35

Pairs of homologous chromosomes split up

Answer 35

Anaphase I

Question 36

two haploid cells form; chromosomes are still double

Answer 36

Telophase I and Cytokinesis

Question 37

separates sister chromatids

Answer 37

Meiosis II

Question 38

Three or more alleles of the same gene are found

Answer 38

Multiple alleles

Question 39

Genotype of the Type A

Answer 39

I^A I^ A I^A i

Question 40

Genotype of the Type B

Answer 40

I^B I^ B I^B i

Question 41

Genotype of the Type AB

Answer 41

I^A I^B

Question 42

Type O

Answer 42

ii