Gender Role Socialization Flashcards
It is a lifelong process of learning to become a member of the social world.
Socialization
It is a lifelong experience by which individuals develop their human potential and learn culture.
Socialization
It is a process of internalizing society’s values in order to adapt to one’s culture. It influences how people behave as males and females in the society.
socialization
encompasses the process of learning society’s gender roles and their advantages and limitations
Gender socialization
How much personality is determined by our biological inheritance.
The Role of Nature
how much personality is determined by social-cultural environment.
The Role of Nurture
The most important agent of socialization for children. Their values and behavior patterns profoundly influence those of their daughters and sons.
Family ( AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION)
Induce us to violate social norms. however these people only affect short term interest unlike the family which has long term influence
Peer ( AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION)
teach set of expectations about the work, proffesion , or occupations they will follow when they mature.
school ( AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION)
they have the formal responsibility of imparting knowledge in those disciplines which are most central to adult functioning in our society.
school ( AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION)
In here, a person meets people of different age groups and belonging to different social and cultural backgrounds.
workplace ( AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION)
Television shows, movies, popular music, magazines, websites, and other aspecys of mass media influence our ________, tastes in _________, our views of _________, _________ and __________; and many other beliefs and practices.
political views, pop culture, women, people of color, gays,
Many religious institutions uphold gender norms and contribute to their enforcement through socialization. Religion fosters a shared set of socialized values that are passed on through society.
Church
a number of roles attached to a single status
role set
occurs when incompatible demands are built into a single statud that a person occupies
role conflict
refers to the stress when, for any number of reasons, an individual cannot meet the demands of their social roles
role strain
occurs when people disengage from social roles that have been central to their identity ( divorced women and men, retirees, ex nuns)
role exit
it is the process of learning and internalizing culturally approved ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving according to one’s gender
Gender Role Socialization
these are fixed, unquestiones beliefs, or images we carry in the back of our mind about women and men
gender stereotypes
refers to any situation where a person is denied an opportunity or misjudged solely on the basis of their sex. It is when someone is treated unequally or disadvantageously based on their _______ but not necessarily in a sexual nature.
Gender discrimination, gender
these are highly resistant to change due to continuos exposure and reinforcement of gender differentiation
gender roles
Four processes in Child’s Learning of Gender Bias
Manipulation Canalization, Verbal appellation, activity exposure
these is where people treat boys and girls differently
manipulation
people will direct their attentin to gender appropriate objects exemplified by toys
canalization
words used to tell children what they are
verbal appellation
children are familiarized with appropriate task
activity exposure
___________ to communicate thoughts or idea in the most pervasive institution of socialization
Language
____________ , no matter how subtle, very easily maintain gender ideology
Sexist terms, man, he
________ depicting women as martyrs, self-sacrificing and conservative
churches/religion
these are the most effective socializing agent; subtle and often subconscious way plus lomg amount of time people expose to them
mass media, print and broadcast
_________ are deep seated in the culture as well as beliefs and value systems of the society.
Gender Roles
_________ further reinforces, maintains, and sanctions gender roles.
Pervasive social control
THE ABC MODEL
A = Affect ( prejudice)
B = Behavior ( discrimination)
C= cognitive ( stereotypes)
It is an inaccurate view or opinion that many people hold about something in a group of people based solely or large;y on the way they appear to others.
Stereotyppe
Two ways to identify stereotypes
Explicit (deliberately think about), implicit ( unaware
These are unjustified or incorrect attitude towars an individual based soley on the individual’s membership of a social group. Preconcieved idea of something
prejudice
examples of prejudice
bullying, discrimination, violence
when one individual or group is trested less favorably than other due to a person’s or group’s background or specific personal characteristics.
discrimination
examples of discirimination
genocide, apartheid, gender and LGBT discrimination
The process which forces women out into the
periphery of economic and social life; on the
periphery of decision making, as well as
diminishing the value of the activities in which
they contribute to the national development
process
Marginalization (MANIFESTATIONS OF GENDER BIAS)
Is the institutionalized domination by men and
women
• Position (very few women in politics and top
positions)
• Status (weaker sex)
• Decision making (women are not included in
planning and decision-making process.)
VISION: Quality participation in decision
making, recognition of capabilities
Subordination
Involvement in the three spheres of work:
reproduction, production, and community work
(parenting, housework, work in the public/private
sector).
VISION: Shared parenting, shared housework;
shared breadwinning.
multiple burden
• Fixed, unquestioned beliefs or images we carry in the
back of our minds about men and women
VISION: Liberation from stereotyped images: nonsexist
child rearing, non-sexist language.
Gender stereotypes
Acts of instilling fear and inflicting pain with the aim to
injure, or abuse a person usually women using
intimidation, emotional abuse, isolation, minimizing,
denying, and blaming, using their children, using male
privilege, using economic abuse, using coercion, and
threats.
VISION: Freedom from violence, freedom from
harassment, control over one’s body, nonthreatening
behavior, respect, thrust and support,
honesty and accountability, responsible parenting,
shared responsibility, economic partnership,
negotiation and fairness.
Violence againsts women
The ability to recognize gender issues
gender sensitivity
Not an anti-male stance (both women and men
are victims, although women are affected more
than men. In practically all cultures women have
lower status than men.)
gender sensitivity
Renaming and reimaging wo/men relationships
to bring about mutuality and partnerships.
gender sensitivity
Wo/men’s different perceptions and interests
arising from their social location and different
role
gender sensitivity
How to be gender sensitive
Seeing, Hearing, Counting, Respecting, Caring
are powerful words to discriminate
and oppress people.
labels
Use of _________; empower people to claim
their space in the society – political
sphere.
LANGUAGE
The use of ‘____________’ as a word which
means ‘superior’ (by the German Nazi).
Aryan Race
❑In China 600 BCE, they use the terms pleasures of the ______________ and ____________.
bitten peach, brokeback
❑In Japan, ‘_______’ or ‘________’
shudo, nanshoku
❑In Thailand, ‘_________’ – referring to lady boys.
Kathoey
❑In the Philippines, ‘_________’ and ‘__________’ – mostly women
priests, but some are males who lived their lives as women.
babaylan, catalonan
In Ancient Greek, __________- all males are expected to take on a younger male lover in a practice. Other societies, like indigenous Native Americans, accepted and celebrated what they called Two-spirited’ person in a dance to the “________.”
Pedastry, Berdache
Abrahamic Religion, this branded it as ________- a crime against nature.
Sodomy
_______________ its belief systems of viewing same-sex attractions as a sin through violence such as; killing homosexuals through burning , stoning , or being fed to the dogs.
system enforced
In ______________, homosexuality was classified as an illness and as a basis to legally persecute homosexuals, imprison , and commit them to
mental institution.
19TH CENTURY
There are many variations of this
acronym and it continues to build as
the world becomes more and more
educated on the _________________.
fluidity of human sexuality
people whose gender expression (their physical appearance) may or may
not be distinctly male or female.
androgynous
your internal sense of being masculine or feminine or neither.
gender
how you feel, man, woman, or neither
gender identity
how you express your sense of being male or female or neither (e.g., hairstyle, clothes, etc.)
gender expression
your emotional and sexual attraction to a person.
sexual orientatino
when your gender identity matches with the sex you are assigned at birth.
cisgender
people who do not feel a boy or a girl; they may feel like they are both or
neither, so sometimes they use the pronouns they, the, and theirs.
non - binary
SOGIE means
Sexual Orientation Gender Identity Expression
It is a component of identity that includes sexual and emotional attraction to another person.
Sexual Orientation
Attracted to people of any gebder
pansexual
It is one’s self-identification
as male, female, or an
alternative gender.
Gender Identites
A person who identifies
with this term will often consider
themselves as not subscribing to
any gender identity.
Agender
This term is commonly
used to refer to people who identify
exclusively with the gender assigned at
birth.
cisgender
This is a term used to
describe a person who feels a connection
and/or has an internal leaning toward a
particular gender.
demigender
This describes a person who moves
fluidly between genders or whose
gender shifts over time.
gender fluid
Someone who expresses themselves in
such a way that they do not wish to be
perceived as any one gender
gender neutral
most commonly used to
describe a gender expression different from cultural
stereotypes associated with that person’s perceived
gender or gender assigned at birth.
gender non conforming
this describes a gender identity that
is not defined as exclusively male or female.
_____________ people experience their gender in unique ways. Their identity can include elements of the feminine, masculine, and nonbinary, or none of these.
Identifying as _________ may be viewed as a
rejection of associations or labels.
genderqueer
describes someone
who is questioning all or parts of their
gender identity or expression and does not
wish to identify themselves with a specific
gender identity.
gender questioning
describes a gender identity that
is a mix of both masculine and feminine
identities.
intergender
describes people who hold
more than one gender identity
multi-gender
This is a widely used term to describe
a gender identity that cannot be categorized as
masculine or feminine.
non binary
Pangender is a gender identity
where a person identifies as all or many gender
identities.
pangender
are easily becoming one of
the most recognized ways people identify their
gender and how they want to be referred to.
pronouns
Biologically Contented
about their Sex Assigned at Birth or
SAAB and no need to undergo surgical
operation.
non operative
Transition has started
such as taking an oral and injectable
Pills called Male hormones blocker
and/or Female Hormones blocker
Hormonal Replacement Therap
pre operative
Transition has started
such as taking an oral and injectable
Pills called Male hormones blocker
and/or Female Hormones blocker
Hormonal Replacement Therap
post operative
refer to people whose gender identity is different from their biological sex and they may want to change their body
transexual
the condition of someone feeling that they are not the same gender = sex as the one they had or were said to have at birth
transgenderism
EVERYBODY has SOGIE
true
It is useful for questioning individuals to understand themselves better, but it also provodes a framewrok that the public can use to empathize with the multitudes of sexual orientation and identity.
SOGIE
Men are noe the gender victims as a result of feminism
Warren Farrell
__________ is seen to be overprotective of women’s interest, resulting in discrimination against men at a time when they are under increasing threat within rapidly changing society
Modern Legislation
It is a social, cultural, historical construct dependent on and related to other factors such as class, ethnicity, sexuality, age and disability.
Masculinity
this can be seen as masculine identities that exclude domination and embrace the affectove, relational, emotional, and interdependent qualities of care.
caring masculinities
This is a critical form of men’s engagement in gender equality becuase doing care work requires men to resist hegemonic masculinity and to adopt values and characteristics of care.
Caring Masculinity
Men who approximate this form of masculinity are viewed as a form of “ __________”
new man
this refers to describe instances of extreme forms of sex types behavior on the parts of some males
protest masculinity
The key to this are high form of physical aggression
protest masculinity
this is often a product of narcissim built from the feelings of powerlessness and insecurity
protest masculinity
When men become drunk, ________________ are rationalized, and women are encourage to tolerate men’s drunkenness as a natural part of their being
fights and homicides
___________ may have expanded their sense of norms and weakened stereotypes throiugh their exposire to broader and more diverse ideas
men’s schooling
___________ are more likely to put more time into domestic roles and caregiving
better - educated men
Three themes of masculinity
Multiple masculinity, Hierarchy and hegemony, collective masculinity
patterns of conduct of individuals as either “masculine” or “feminine”, collective and informal
Collective masculinity
embodies heroes, role models and so on
hierarchy and hegemony
expression of the privilige men collectively have over women
hierarchy and hegemony
there is no one pattern of masculinity, CULTURES AND HISTORY, the meaning of masculinity is different on working class
Multiple masculinity
