Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation

Question 1

Biological Sex

Answer 1

Male and female.

Based on physical characteristics/genetics.

Question 2

Gender Identity

Answer 2

One’s self-concept of gender.

Question 3

Sexual Orientation

Answer 3

Pattern of attraction to males, females, both or neither.

Question 4

Inter-sex persons

Answer 4

Born with ambiguous genitalia, unclear chromosome, etc.
“Hermaphrodite.”
Sex assignment surgery.

Question 5

Gender

Answer 5

Social construct.

Culturally based expectations based on biological sex.

Question 6

Gender Role

Answer 6

Appearance, clothing, speech, manner, etc. reflecting gender.
Differ across cultures/time.

Question 7

Gender Expression

Answer 7

How one chooses to outwardly manifest their gender identity.

Question 8

Bem: Sex-Typed

Answer 8

Males with high masculinity, low femininity.

Females with high femininity, low masculinity.

Question 9

Bem: Cross sex-typed

Answer 9

Females with high masculinity and low femininity.

Males with high femininity and low masculinity.

Question 10

Bem: Androgynous

Answer 10

Females and males with both high masculinity and high femininity.

Question 11

Bem: Undifferentiated

Answer 11

Females and males with both low femininity and low masculinity.

Question 12

Transgender

Answer 12

People whose gender identity is not congruent with the gender role for their assigned sex.

Any sexual orientation.

Question 13

Transsexual

Answer 13

Person identifies as member of opposite biological sex.
Usually feels gender identity as well as true sex do not match assigned, biological sex.

Any sexual orientation.

Question 14

Gender Reassignment Therapy & Health Insurance

Answer 14

Medical treatment to facilitate gender transition.
Not covered by health insurance generally.
Affordable Care Act prevents discrimination against transgender people and “pre-existing conditions.” Medicare also lifted ban.

Question 15

Gender Dysphoria

Answer 15

New label for Gender Identity Disorder in DMS-V.

Question 16

Klein’s Multivariate Model

Answer 16

Seven variables rated 0-6 separately from heterosexual to homosexual.

Sexual behavior.
Emotional attraction.
Sexual fantasies.
Sexual attraction.
Social preference.
Lifestyle, social world and community.
Self-identification.

Question 17

Kinsey Scale

Answer 17

Rated 0-6 between heterosexual and homosexual and varying in between. Single continuum model.

Based on attraction/fantasy and behavior.

Question 18

Homophobia

Answer 18

Irrational fear/hatred/aversion of homosexuality, even if just perceived.

Question 19

Internalized homophobia

Answer 19

Negative messages an LGBT person incorporates into his/her self-concept.

Question 20

Heterosexism

Answer 20

Favor opposite-sex (heterosexual) attractions/relationships, including assuming everyone is hetero.

Question 21

Awareness stage

Answer 21

Aware of same-sex attractions within self.

Question 22

Acknowledgement stage

Answer 22

Moving from acknowledgement to self to acknowledgement to others. Increased self-acceptance, successful disclosure to others. Specialist therapy.

Question 23

Exploration stage

Answer 23

Working through awkwardness in relationships and internalized homophobia. Increased capacity for intimacy and stability in relationships. Group therapy. Safer sex. ?Specialist.

Question 24

Intimacy stage

Answer 24

Increasingly stable relationships. Effective coping.

Question 25

Integration stage

Answer 25

Balancing sexual orientation/gender identity and other cultural identities. Energy directed to new areas of life.

Question 26

Minority stress

Answer 26

Negative effects associated with adverse social conditions experience by individuals who belong to stigmatized social group