13 Adolescence Flashcards
Early Adolescence
10-13yo. Middle school.
Quest for autonomy, testing authority, mood swings, same-sex friendships, anxiety about body changes, limited understanding of consequences, little impulse control.
Middle Adolescence
14-17. High School.
Peers over parents, both sexes, conformity is central, experimental relationships, major concern = attractiveness to peers, begins abstract reasoning, sense of omnipotence.
Late Adolescence
17-21. College/military/career.
Renegotiated and improved parental relationships, values mirror family, mutual and healthy relationships, realistic body image, delay gratification improves, peer values less important.
Adolescent brain development
90% adult size by age 5.
Cerebral cortex and frontal lobes immature through early adulthood.
Prefrontal cortex: thoughts/feelings/impulses.
Limbic system: experience emotions.
Parenting
Gentle questioning - help think critically - stimulates moral development.
Warm, supportive - increases capacity to regulate feelings.
Ideal = authoritative, not permissive nor controlling.
Holmbeck on parenting
Clear standards, firm but not coercive, consistent discipline, explain basis for decisions, allow discussion of issues, monitor behavior, foster warm family env., respond flexibly to development.
Identity diffusion
No exploration, no commitment
Moratorium
Exploration, no commitment
Foreclosure
No exploration, commitment
Identity achievement
Exploration, commitment
Jean Phinney’s Unexamined Ethnic Identity
Preference for cultural values of majority
Jean Phinney’s Ethnic Identity Search
Initiated by an experience of rejection basic on ethnic background.
Interest in personal implications of ethnicity and search for info about a group.
Jean Phinney’s Ethnic Identity Achievement
Self-confidence in identity and positive self-concept.
Fostered by cultural traditions being upheld in the home.
