Gender External Flashcards
Impact of feminism
Feminism is the social movement that strived for equal rights for women this has changed the traditional stereotypes of women of a woman’s role solely as a mother or housewife.
McRobbie compiled a study into girls magazines in the 1970s and noted that they emphasised getting married and not being left on the shelf compared to today where they include images of assertive independent women.
This changes girls self image and their ambition in regards to family and careers this explains the improvement within educational achievement.
Changes in Family
There has been major changes since the 1970s these include:
Increase in divorce rate
Increase in cohabitation and decrease of first marriages
Increase in the number of lone parent families
smaller families
These changes
This changes girls attitude towards education EG The increase numbers of female lone parent households women needing to take on the breadwinner role to achieve this women need a well paid job therefore need good qualifications.
Increases within divorce rates suggest less women are depending on their husbands to provide for them
Changes in Women’s Employment
important changes in women’s employment:
-1970 equal pay act making it illegal to pay women less than men for equal work
-Since 1975 the pay gap between men and women went from 30% to 15%
-Proportion of women in employment has
risen from 53% in 1971 to 67% in 2013
-Some women now breaking through the glass celling this is the barrier to that keeps them from high level professional jobs
Changing girls ambitions
Changes in family and education lead to changes in girls achievement as SUE SHARPE
interviewed girls in the 1970s and again in 1990s.
Differences
1974-Girls had low aspirations and believed that educational success was unfeminine and that appearing to be ambitious would be considered to be unattractive they believed their priorities were love, marriage, husbands children then careers.
1990s-They had changed and their priorities were careers and supporting themselves they were more likley to to see their future as independent rather than dependent on a husband to provide for them
O CONNOR-14-17 year olds marriage and children were not a major part of plans in 2006.
BECK AND BECK-In society independence is more valued than in the past a career is because part of women’s lives as it promises recognition and self sufficiency
Girls now recognise they need good education to achieve this FULLERs study education was now a central aspect of girls identities.
Evaluation Of Gender External - Social Class
Working class girls continue to still have aspirations for marriage and children and expect to go into low paid work.
REAY-Limited aspirations are a reflection of limited job opportunities however traditional gender gender identity is attainable and offers them status.
BIGGART -WC Girls are more likley to see motherhood as the only viable option for their futures and see less point in achieving in education
