gender and crime

Question 1

Pollack: Chivalry thesis

Answer 1

women are treated more leniently by the police, less likely to be stop and searched and less likely to get custodial sentences

Question 2

Flood-Page et al

Answer 2

found only 1 in 11 females self reported offenders had been cautioned or prosecuted, compared to 1 in 7 more self reported offenders

Question 3

heindensohn: double deviance

Answer 3

deviance 1 - the deviant act
deviance 2 - breaking the norms of being female

Question 4

why does double deviance increase the likelihood of harsher sentences?

Answer 4

as it’s a break from traditional and stereotypes so it is seen as worse e.g lucy letby

Question 5

Carlen: class deal

Answer 5

women who work will be offered material rewards and decent standard of living

Question 6

Carlen: gender deal

Answer 6

patriarchal ideology promises women material and emotional rewards from family life by conforming to the norms and values of conventional domestic gender role

Question 7

how is the class deal broken?

Answer 7

because they are working class and stuck in poverty

Question 7

how was the gender deal broken?

Answer 7

because of abusive relationships, domestic violence or time spent in care

Question 7

what crimes does this lead to?

Answer 7

prostitution, drug and alcohol abuse and addiction

Question 7

AO3

Answer 7

• small sample so cannot generalise
• unrepresentative to w/c girls

Question 7

smart: double standards

Answer 7

double standards exist becayse the CJS is patriarchal , shown in rape cases

Question 8

walklate

Answer 8

in rape cases it is not the defendant who is on trial but the victim, since she has to prove her respectability in order to have her evdience accepted

Question 8

parsons: sex role theory

Answer 8

the traditional nuclear family structure means that boys will lack a positive male role model and reject feminine model behaviours, so they masculinity through agression and anti-social behaviour

Question 8

AO3: walklate

Answer 8

criticise sex role theory for it’s assumptions - men could be better at the expressive role

Question 8

heidensohn: control in the home

Answer 8

women who reject their roles of housework and childcare may face imposition by force, DV - reduces time to commit crime

Question 8

heidensohn: control in public

Answer 8

women are controlled in public places by the threat or fear of male violence against them, especially sexual violence

Question 8

what percentage of women avoid going out after dark?

Answer 8

54%

Question 9

Heidensohn: control at work

Answer 9

womens behaviour at work is controlled by male supervisors and managers

Question 10

how does the glass ceiling prevent female crime?

Answer 10

it prevents women from engaging in major white collar crime

Question 11

Alder

Answer 11

as women become liberated from patriarchy, their crime becomes as serious and frequent as men, women begin to adopt ‘male roles’ in work and crime