Gen Chem- Electronic Structure and Periodic Trends Flashcards
equation to calculate moles
weight of sample ( g)/ GMW
equivalent of moles in molecules
6.02x 10^23
usual hydrogen oxidation number
+1
usual oxygen oxidation number
-2
usual alkali metal oxidation #
+1
alkaline earth metal usual oxidation #
+2
aluminum oxidation #
+3
what are the 4 quantum numbers
n, l , ml, ms
what does the n quantum number mean
principal #, # of atomic shells
what does the l quantum number mean? and how is it calculated?
angular momentum, shape of atomic orbital
between 0 and n-1
what does the ml quantum number mean?and how is it calculated?
magnetic #, orientation of the orbital in a given shape
between -l and +l
what does the ms quantum number mean? and how is it calculated?
spin quantum #
+1/2 or -1/2
which principal states that you must always fill the lowest energy orbitals first?
Aufbau Principle
which principal states that no 2 e- in a single atom can have the same 4 quantum #’s?
pauli exclusion principle
which principal states that you must distribute a single e- parallel spin before filling each subshell with a 2nd spin e-?
Hund’s rule
what does paramagnetic mean
unpaired e-
what does diamagnetic mean
paired e-
what periodic trends do ionization energies follow
increase from left to right and decrease from top to bottom
what periodic trends do atomic radii follow
decrease from left to right and increase from top to bottom
what periodic trends do electronegativity follow
increase from left to right and decrease from top to bottom
what does ionization energy mean
energy to remove an e- from a gaseous atom or ion
what does e- affinity mean
energy released following the transformation of a neutral gaseous atom into a negative ion
what does electronegativity mean
ability of an atom to pull or repel the bond e-
what is the equation for the max # of e- in a shell ?
2n^2
