Gen & Analytical Chemistry #2 Flashcards
electrons transfer from one element to another
oxidation state
what is the oxidation number of oxide, peroxide and superoxide?
oxide: -2
peroxide: -1
superoxide: -1/2
what happens to the oxidation number if H2O is given?
H2 becomes + since O is -
metal is always positive while non-metal always negative
are single replacement redox reactions?
yes
if all are compound in the reaction, is it still considered as redox reaction?
no since there has to be a pure substance
T/F: are combustion reactions always redox reactions?
yes
are double replacement reactions such as precipitation and acid base reactions considered as redox rxns?
no because they are all made up of compounds
oxidation state of any pure element like H, O2, or simply Zn?
0
hydrogen when bonded to a nonmetal has an oxidation state of ______
+1
hydrogen bonded with a metal
-1 since it is more electronegative than most metals
oxidation states can be related to electronegativity of elements
state an atom and its electronegativity value
H - 2.1
B 2.0 C 2.5 N 3.0 P 2.1 O 3.5 S 2.5 F 4.0 Cl 3.0 Br 2.8 I 2.5
amount of products formed when limiting reactant is fully consumed
theoretical yield
amount of products obtained which is said to be lower than theoretical yield
actual yield
formula for percent yield
actual/theoretical x 100
If more than 100, it means that there might be a mistake in calculations
the reactant responsible for limiting the amount of products formed in the reaction
limiting reactant/reagent
how to get leftover from excess reactant? state the formula/procedure
to get the amount of excess reactant used, multiply the limiting reactant in moles to the moles of the excess reactant
after doing so, minus the amount of excess reactant to the amount of used excess reactant by the limiting reactant
convert to grams if asked
where the bonds between atoms are assumed to be ionic
oxidation state
electron is transferred from one species to another
redox reaction
what is half-reaction
this is when the equation is divided into oxidation and reduction
redox reaction is where mass and charges are
balanced together
