GCSE Normans Booklet 1 Flashcards
How many housecarls were there in the Saxon army?
2500-3000
What was the population of Britain in ____?
1066
2 million
Which group of nobles advised Anglo-Saxon kings?
The Witan
Who was the youngest claimant to the throne of England in ____?
1066
Edgar Aetheling, 14 years old
What was the name of the Viking claimant to the English throne?
Harald Hardraada
How long had Harald Hardraada ruled over Norway?
20 years
Which member of the Godwin family supported Harald Hardraada?
Tostig Godwinson (Harold Godwinson’s brother)
What was Duke William of Normandy’s claim to the throne of England?
Edward the Confessor was raised in Normandy and Harold Godwinson swore an oath to help William become king in 1064
What was Harold Godwinson’s claim to the throne of England?
Head of the most powerful family in England and had been Edward the Confessor’s sub-regulus
What types of soldiers made up the Anglo-Saxon army?
Housecarls (professional soldiers), thegns (lords) and fyrds (peasants)
Who did William gain the support of before the Norman invasion?
The Pope - William was given his banner
How big was William’s army before the Norman invasion
7000 soldiers, 3000 horses and 700 ships
What mistake did Harold Godwinson make on _th ___________, ____?
8th September 1066
He sent many of his soldiers home to bring in the harvest (many were farmers!)
How big was Harald Hardraada’s invasion fleet and army?
300 ships and 8000 soldiers
What was the first battle that took place between Saxons and the Viking in ____?
1066
Battle of Fulford Gate, 20th September 1066
Who won the Battle of Fulford Gate?
Harald Hardraada; Earls Edwin and Morcar were defeated and fled
When was the Battle of Stamford Bridge and what was the outcome?
25th September, 1066; Harald Hardraada and Tostig were killed
How far did Harold Godwinson have to march to meet William at Hastings?
200 miles in just 4-5 days from York
When was the Battle of Hastings?
14th October 1066
How big were both the Saxon and Norman armies
6000-7000 troops each
What types of soldiers made up the Norman army at Hastings?
Soldiers, archers and cavalry
What defensive technique did the Saxons use at Hastings?
The shield wall
What did William do when there were rumours he was dead at the Battle of Hastings?
He took off his helmet and spoke inspirational words to his army
What tactic did William’s soldiers use to make the Saxon soldiers move off Senlac Hill?
The feigned retreat (pretending to run away)
