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Chemistry GCSE > GCSE Chemistry C3 - Periodic Table, Water and Analysis > Flashcards

GCSE Chemistry C3 - Periodic Table, Water and Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

Cu2+ ions with OH- (hydroxide) ions?

A

blue precipitate forms Cu(OH)2

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2
Q

How does adding sodium carbonate soften water?

A

The Mg and Ca ions form a precipitate (carbonate) which can be fitered off. The ions are thus removed

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2
Q

Flame test colour - potassium

A

potassium - lilac

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2
Q

What 2 products are made when an alkali metal reacts with water?

A

A hydroxide (alkaline) and hydrogen gas.

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3
Q

Fe3+ ionswith OH- (hydroxide) ions?

A

rusty brown precipitate forms Fe(OH)3

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4
Q

What are the products when a carbonate reacts with acid?

A

carbon dioxide, water and a salt.

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5
Q

The alkali metals’ is the name for which group in the periodic table?

A

Group 1

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6
Q

How is limescale formed?

A

hydrogen carbonate ions decompose on heating to form solid (precipitate) carbonates

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7
Q

In the periodic table, are elements arranged in order of mass number or atomic number?

A

Atomic number

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8
Q

What is the key difference between permanent and temporary hard water?

A

Temporary hardness ca be removed by boiling.

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8
Q

What is the chemical test for sulphate ions?

A

Add barium chloride solution - a white precipitate forms if a sulhate is present.

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9
Q

Why is chlorine added to our drinking water?

A

To kill microbes

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10
Q

Flame test colour - barium

A

barium - green

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10
Q

Which is more reactive - lithium or potassium?

A

potassium

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10
Q

Which is more likely to form a coloured compound - chromium or calcium?

A

Chromium - because it is a transition metal.

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12
Q

Which two physical processes are involved in distillation?

A

boiling and condensing

13
Q

Fe2+ ions with OH- (hydroxide) ions?

A

green precipitate forms Fe(OH)2

14
Q

Al3+ ions with OH- (hydroxide) ions?

A

White precipitate of Al(OH)3 which dissolves in excess hydroxide

15
Q

What is the chemical test for chloride ions?

A

Add silver nitrate + nitric acid - white precipitate forms

17
Q

Flame test colour - sodium

A

sodium - yellow

18
Q

What is the chemical test for carbon dioxide?

A

Bubble it through lime water - it goes milky / cloudy white as a precipitate forms

20
Q

Why can’t water softened using ion exchange be given to babies?

A

The Mg and Ca are replaced by sodium ions. Too much sodium is bad for you.

21
Q

Describe the trend in reactivity in group 1

A

As you go down the group they get more reactive.

23
Q

Which group 7 element, other than chlorine, is sometimes added to water?

A

Fluorine, for healthy teeth.

24
Q

What is the chemical test for bromide ions?

A

Add silver nitrate + nitric acid - cream precipitate forms

25
Q

Which dissolved ions make water hard?

A

magnesium and calcium

27
Q

Is bond breaking an exo or endothermic process?

A

Endothermic - you put energy in to break bonds

28
Q

What is the charge on each halide ion?

A

1- (group 7 - they gain 1 electron to get a full shell of 8 or 18)

29
Q

Is bond making an exo or endothermic process?

A

Exothermic - energy is released when bonds are made

30
Q

What is the chemical test for siodide ions?

A

Add silver nitrate + nitric acid - yellow precipitate forms

31
Q

The halogens’ is the name for which group in the periodic table?

A

Group 7

32
Q

Give an advantage of living in a hard water area

A

Calcium in water is good for growing strong teeth and bones. Also reduces heart disease

33
Q

Flame test colour - lithium

A

lithium - crimson

34
Q

Flame test colour - calcium

A

calcium - red

35
Q

Ca2+ and Mg 2+ ions with OH- (hydroxide) ions?

A

White precipitates of Mg(OH)2 and Ca(OH)2 form

Chemistry GCSE (9 decks)

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