GCSE Chemistry C2 - Section 1 - 2 Atomic Structure and Bonding Flashcards
List 3 ways (in terms of electrons) that elements can react together to form compounds
gain, lose or share
Most covalent compounds have . . .
simple molecular structures
The intermolecular forces in simple covalent compounds are . . .
weak
Graphite can conduct electricity because . . .
there are delocalised electrons between the layers
Thermosetting polymers will . . .
not soften when heated, but will eventually char
Nanoscience is the study of . . .
very small particles (between 1 and 100 nanometres)
The atoms in metals are closely packed and arranged in . . .
layers
Ionic compounds are conductors when molten, or in solution, because . . .
the ions are free to move around
Thermosetting polymers have lots of . . . . between the chains
strong cross-links
Graphite is a good lubricant because . . .
it has layers that can easily slide over each other
Simple covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points because . . .
it doesn’t take much energy to break the weak intermolecular forces
A polymer is . . .
lots of smaller monomers joined together into a long chain
The charges in an ionic compound always . . .
cancel each other out
Layers in giant metallic structures can slide over each other making the metal . . .
malleable and ductile
Atoms share pairs of electrons in . . .
covalent bonds
Some covalent compounds have . . .
giant structures
Atoms react in order to gain a . . .
stable electron structure (full outer shell)
Simple covalent compounds are electrical insulators because . . .
they have no charge
Ionic solids are electrical insulators because . . .
the ions are fixed in place
Ionic bonding occurs between . . .
metals and non-metals
Simple covalent compounds have low . . .
melting points and boiling points
These are held together by strong forces of attraction between oppositely charged particles
ionic compounds
Thermosoftening polymers will . . .
soften when heated and set again when cooled
The 3 forms of carbon are called . . .
diamond, graphite and fullerenes
The melting and boiling points of giant covalent substances are . . .
high
In metallic bonding, positively charged metal ions are held together by . . .
a sea of (delocalised) electrons
Ionic compounds have high melting points because . . .
it takes a lot of energy to break the many strong ionic bonds
A giant ionic lattice is held together by . . .
many strong ionic bonds
Ionic compounds are conductors when . . .
Molten or in solution
Diamond is very strong because . . .
there are lots of strong covalent bonds between its atoms meaning that they can’t slide over each other
