gcse aqa history of a atom

Question 1

What is the basic unit of matter?

Answer 1

Atom

Question 2

Who proposed the first atomic theory in 1803?

Answer 2

John Dalton

Question 3

True or False: Atoms can be created or destroyed in chemical reactions.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

What did J.J. Thomson discover in 1897?

Answer 4

The electron

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains _____ and _____.

Answer 5

protons, neutrons

Question 6

What model of the atom did Ernest Rutherford propose?

Answer 6

The nuclear model

Question 7

Who developed the planetary model of the atom?

Answer 7

Niels Bohr

Question 8

What is the charge of a proton?

Answer 8

Positive

Question 9

What is the charge of an electron?

Answer 9

Negative

Question 10

True or False: Neutrons have a positive charge.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

What is the term for the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 11

Atomic number

Question 12

Which scientist is known for the quantum mechanical model of the atom?

Answer 12

Erwin Schrödinger

Question 13

What is the mass of a neutron compared to a proton?

Answer 13

Approximately equal

Question 14

What is an isotope?

Answer 14

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 15

Fill in the blank: The _____ model describes electrons as existing in probability clouds.

Answer 15

quantum mechanical

Question 16

What did the Gold Foil Experiment demonstrate?

Answer 16

The existence of a small, dense nucleus

Question 17

Who introduced the concept of quantized energy levels?

Answer 17

Niels Bohr

Question 18

What is the main limitation of the Rutherford model?

Answer 18

It could not explain the stability of the atom.

Question 19

True or False: Electrons are found in fixed orbits around the nucleus.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

What is the maximum number of electrons in the first energy level?

Answer 20

2

Question 21

What is the role of neutrons in the nucleus?

Answer 21

To provide stability

Question 22

Who is known for the discovery of the neutron in 1932?

Answer 22

James Chadwick

Question 23

What does the term ‘valence electrons’ refer to?

Answer 23

Electrons in the outermost shell

Question 24

True or False: The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average of all its isotopes.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

What is the significance of the periodic table in relation to atoms?

Answer 25

It organizes elements by atomic number and properties.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical properties.

Answer 26

atom

Question 27

What are the three main subatomic particles?

Answer 27

Protons, neutrons, electrons

Question 28

What did the Cathode Ray Experiment lead to the discovery of?

Answer 28

Electrons

Question 29

What is the significance of the atomic number in identifying an element?

Answer 29

It determines the element's identity.

Question 30

Who proposed the Plum Pudding Model?

Answer 30

J.J. Thomson

Question 31

True or False: The nucleus is positively charged.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What is the primary difference between the Bohr model and the quantum mechanical model?

Answer 32

The Bohr model has fixed orbits; the quantum model describes probability clouds.

Question 33

What does the term 'ion' refer to?

Answer 33

An atom with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of electrons.

Question 34

Fill in the blank: The _____ number represents the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

Answer 34

mass

Question 35

What did the discovery of the neutron help explain?

Answer 35

The stability of the nucleus.

Question 36

What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from an atom?

Answer 36

Ionization energy

Question 37

Who first proposed the idea that matter is made up of indivisible particles?

Answer 37

Democritus

Question 38

True or False: All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

What is a cation?

Answer 39

A positively charged ion

Question 40

What is an anion?

Answer 40

A negatively charged ion

Question 41

Fill in the blank: The _____ model was replaced by the quantum mechanical model.

Answer 41

Bohr

Question 42

What does the term 'electron configuration' refer to?

Answer 42

The distribution of electrons in an atom's energy levels.