Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmocology II > GastroIntestinal II > Flashcards

GastroIntestinal II Flashcards

1
Q

What drug is a good adsorbent with anatacid properties?

A

Aluminium Hydroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What would you combine with AL salts to combat constipation?

A

magnesium antacids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How to antacids work?

A

They are weak bases that react with gastric HCl to form an insoluble colloid and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of drugs are used to prevent rebound acid hypersecretion?

A

Antacids and Prost E analogs-Misoprostal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which drug inactivates pepsin, binds bile salts and induces local PG sytnthesis?

A

Aluminium Hydroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is Alum Hyd a systemic or non systemic antacids?

A

non systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What drug increases the gastric pH higher than Al?

A

Magnesium hyd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What other effect does magnesium hyd have, other than an antacid?

A

acts as a laxative-the unabsorbed Mg salts in the intestines pulls in water and causes gastric distension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is magnesium hyd systemic or non systemic?

A

non systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the antacid drug of choice for ruminal acidosis?

A

Al Hydr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a systemic antacid that generally isn’t used bc it can cause alkalosis, and when used in excess can cause liberation of CO2 and distends the stomach

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What class of drug is Misoprostol? and what does it mainly do?

A

Prostaglandin E1 analog-cytoprotective and anti-secretory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are a few things that misoprostol does-other than cytoprotective?

A

Increases mucosal blood flow (which increases bicarb, mucus production, increases epithelial cell turnover)

stabilizes mast cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What cytoprotective drug requires an acidic environment to protect ulcerated tissue from acid, bile and pepsin?

A

Sucralfate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which cells does sucralfate stimulate?

A

Parietal cells-so they secrete mucus and bicarb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What drug should you not combine with sucralfate?

A

Anatacids….remember it needs an acidic environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sucralfate (decreases or increases??) oral bioavailability of concurrently administered drugs

A

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the pharmocologic name of Pepto bismol?

A

Bismuth subsalicylate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the bismuth part of Bismuth subsalicylate do for the body?

A

ADsorbs E. coli enterotoxins

coats ulcerated mucosal surfaces

antibacterial action against GI paths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does salicylate part of bismuth subsalicylate do for the body? 3

A

Decreases intestinal secretions in diarrhea

Adsorbent

anti-inflammatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Caution is given to what animal when giving bismuth subsalicylate?

A

cats

bc the salicylate goes systemically

22
Q

What are the categories of drugs that stimulate GI motility?

A

Cholinergic agonists

Prokinetic agents

23
Q

When would you want to use Carbachol or Bethanechol?

A

Post-operative ileus

GI muscle atony (a lack of muscle tone)

24
Q

What are the SE of Carbachol and Bethanechol?

A

Abdominal cramps
Diarrhea
Salivation
Bradycardia

25
Q

When would you NOT want to use Carbachol and Bethanechol? (3)

A

If you have a mechanical obstruction

Animals with peritonitis

If intestinal wall is less viable

26
Q

What are the actions Metoclopramide has? (2 main ones)

A

Prokinetic-enhances release of Ach from cholinergic neurons, sensitizes intestinal sm m to Ach, blocks inhibitory effect of dopamine

Antagonizes emesis: promotes gastric emptying, increases force and frequency of gastric contractions, increases lower esoph sphincter

NO action on gastric acid/pancreatic secretions

27
Q

When would you want to use metaclopramide?

A

Reflux esophagitis

Gastric motility disorders

28
Q

What drug penetrates the BBB and undergoes hepatic 1st pass metabolism?

A

Metoclopramide

29
Q

Which prokinetic drug has the broadest spectrum of action?

A

Cisapride

30
Q

Which prokinetic drug is dose dependent, and increases motility of the entire GIT-including the colon?

A

Cisapride

31
Q

When do you want to use Cisapride?

A

Gastric motility disorders

Post operative ileus IN EQUINE

Constipation associated w/megacolon in cats

32
Q

Which prokinetic drug is a dopamine antagonist which act peripherally?

A

Domperidone

33
Q

What classes of drugs decrease GI motility and secretions?

A

Anticholinergic: what else does this drug do?
Atropine
scopolamine

Opioids:
     Morphine
     Fentanyl
     Meperidine
     Paregoric?!?!
34
Q

What class of drug is considered to be antispasmodics/spasmolytics?

A

Anticholinergics

35
Q

When would you want to use Anticholinergics?

A

Control diarrhea in calves

Mild colic in horses

36
Q

Which drug decreases tone and propulsive movements of GI and decreases intestinal secretions?

A

Anticholinergic:
Hyoscine butylbromide and Metamizole combo

also called Buscopan Compositum

37
Q

How do opioids work for decreasing GI motility?

A

They inhibit Ach release in the GIT

Increase the sphincter tone so intestinal propulsive movement is reduced, so more time for water re-absorption leading to constipation

38
Q

What receptor do opioids act through?

A

Mu

39
Q

When would Opioids be the preferred drug?

A

Non-specifc acute and chronic diarrhea

40
Q

When would you not want to use Opioids for decreasing GI motility?

A

Diarrhea due to infectious causes

41
Q

Which opioid is well absorbed from GIT and penetrates the BBB

A

Diphenoxylate

42
Q

An over dose of diphenoxylate in cats can cause?

A

Excitability
Mydriasis
goose-stepping gait
loss of balance

43
Q

What is the active metabolite of diphenoxylate

A

Difenoxin

44
Q

What drug is the preferred anti-diarrheal preparation in foals?

A

Paregoric

45
Q

What are 3 anti-diarrheal drugs in cats?

A

Propantheline

Loperamide hydrochloride

Bismuth subsalicylate

46
Q

What do adsorbents do?

A

Adsorb toxic chemical cmpd in the GI and prevents systemic absorption

47
Q

What can you combine with Bismuth subsalicylate to help with E coli infections?

A

Activated charcoal

48
Q

What do you use in the emergency treatment of poisonings?

A

Activated charcoal

rapidly adsorbs many drugs and poisons

49
Q

What should you give about 30-45 minutes after giving activated charcoal and why?

A

Saline laxative

to faciliate the movement of the charcoal complex

50
Q

What drug do you use for hypercholesterolemia in humans, and

pruritis in patients with cholestasis and bile salt accumulation?

A

Cholestyramine

51
Q

What are some adverse effects of cholestyramine?

A

nausea
constipation
steatorrhea
decrease absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

Pharmocology II (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions