Final

Question 1

Sulfanomides

Answer 1

Broad Spect
Static
PABA agonists-inhibits folic acid synthesis

Question 2

Dihydrofolate reductase enzyme inhibitors?

Answer 2

Diaminopyrimidines

Question 3

Sulfa that is an ophthalmic preparation-short acting

Answer 3

Sulfacetamide

Question 4

Sulfa: UTI in sm animals
soluble and rapidly excreted
short acting

Answer 4

Sulfisoxazole

Question 5

Sulfa: Respiratory and enteric infections in calves and swine
short acting

Answer 5

Sulfachlorpyridazine

Question 6

Sulf: Intermediate acting UTI in sm animals

Answer 6

Sulfamethoxazole

Question 7

Long acting sulfas?

Answer 7

Sulfadimethoxine

Sulfamethazine

Sulfaethoxypyridazine

Question 8

Sulfa; Colitis in dogs

Answer 8

Sulfasalazine

Question 9

Sulfa: Coccidiosis in poultry

Answer 9

Sulfaquinoxaline

Question 10

Topical Sulfa

Answer 10

Silver sulfadiazine

sulfacetamide

Question 11

Sulfa spectrum of action

G+/-?

Answer 11

Both G+ and -

Protozoa

Ineffective against obligate anaerobes

Question 12

What can you combine sulfas with to get an even broader spectrum?

Answer 12

Diaminopyrimidines

Question 13

What is the distribution of Sulfa

Answer 13

Wilde

synovial, aqueous and spinal fluid, placental, sm conc in milk

Question 14

How are Sulfa metabolized and excreted

Answer 14

Acetylation—dooooggssss can’t acetylate

Renal Excretion

Question 15

What are your toxic effect of sulfa?

Answer 15

KCS

Hepatic necrosis

Nephrotoxicity

Blood dyscrasias: hypoprothrobinemia, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia

Question 16

Breed sens of Sulfa

Answer 16

Doby: Polyarthritis, cutaneous eruption, hepatitis

Dogs and Ducks: Hypoglycemia

Dogs: Iatrogenic hypothyroidisms

Question 17

MOA for diaminopyrimidines

Answer 17

Reversibly binds and inhibits dihyrdofolate reductase enzyme

This affects bacterial folic acid production

Question 18

Diamino specific for protozoa

Answer 18

Pyrimethamine

Question 19

Pharmacokinetics of Diamino

Answer 19

Well aborbed

BBB, conc in prostatic fluid and milk (ion trapping)

met in liver

excreted in urine

Question 20

What is it called when you combin sulfa and Diamino

what is this Ab efficacy?

Answer 20

poteniated sulfa

synergistic
Bactericidal
alone these are static

Question 21

Name some Diamino

Answer 21

Ormetoprim
Pyrimethamine
Trimethoprim

Aditoprim
Tetroxoprim
Metioprim

Question 22

What is the susceptibility of Potentiated Sulfas?

Answer 22

G+ and - (except pseudo)

Protozoa

Question 23

What are your beta-lactam Ab?

Answer 23

Penicillins

Cephalosporins

Carbepenems

Monobactams

Question 24

How do Beta Lactam Ab work?

Answer 24

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis

They bind to the PBP and interferes with the transpeptidation reaction

Question 25

How can bacteria become resistant to Beta lactam Ab?

Answer 25

Production of beta-lactamase enzymes that hydrolyze the beta lactam ring G- are impermeable to beta lactam ab Reduced sensitivity of penicillin binding protein

Question 26

What are your natural penicillins?

Answer 26

Penicillin G (Na+/K+, Benzathine, procaine) Penicillin V (acid stable)

Question 27

Which bacteria are susceptible to natural Penicillin

Answer 27

Step, Staph, Corny, Listeria, Pasturella, Haemophilus, Anaerobic Spirochetes

Question 28

What are your semi-synthetic Penicillin used for?

Answer 28

Penicillinase resistance

Question 29

What are your 3 types of semi-synthetic Penicillin

Answer 29

Penicillinase resistance penicillin Broad Spectrum Penicillin Extended spectrum/anti-pseudomonal Penicillin

Question 30

Cloxacillin, Oxacilling, Dicloxacillin are all what kinds of Penicillin

Answer 30

Penicillinase resistant

Question 31

What can you tx with penicillinase resitant Penicillin

Answer 31

Staph that is producing penicillinase---BOVINE MASTITIS Eye infection

Question 32

What kind of Penicillin are Amoxi and Ampi?

Answer 32

Broad spectrum

Question 33

What can you treat with ampi and amoxi?

Answer 33

Microbes that are susceptible to natural penicillin (Step, Staph, Corny, Listeria, Pasturella, Haemophilus, Anaerobic, Spirochetes) Enterbacteriacae

Question 34

Which kinds of penicilllin do you want to admin together?

Answer 34

Beta lactamase inhibitors and semi-synthetics/extended

Question 35

What are your extended spectrum/anti-pseudomonal penicillins?

Answer 35

Ticarcillin Carbenicillin Piperacillin

Question 36

What is the Microbial susceptibility of extended spectrum penicillins?

Answer 36

G- aerobic and anaerobic Enterobactericae PSEUDO

Question 37

Which penecillin should be admin by IM?

Answer 37

Benzathine Penicillin G

Question 38

What would happen if you administered Procaine penicillin G IV? What can you add?

Answer 38

AFFECTS CARDIAC CONDUCTION SYSTEM sodium salt

Question 39

Why can penicillin give an allergic reaction?

Answer 39

Bc it has an active metabolite that can cause it | Penicilloic acid

Question 40

Which one is excreted in the bile and what kind of penicillin is it?

Answer 40

Nafcillin Penicillinase resistant penicillin

Question 41

SE of penicillin

Answer 41

``` Allergic reactions Superinfection Convulsion/ataxia CNS disorders in sm exotics Excitement in horses Cardiac toxicity ```

Question 42

How do you classify cephalosporins?

Answer 42

Generations--4

Question 43

Whats a 1st gen ceph used on sm animals?

Answer 43

Cefazolin

Question 44

What is a first gen ceph that is used for mastitis? intramammary

Answer 44

Cephapirin

Question 45

What is a 1st gen ceph that is used as an ophthalmic ointment for conjunctivitis in dogs and cats, and mastitis in cattle?

Answer 45

Cafalonium

Question 46

What are you susceptible bacteria for 1st gen cephs?

Answer 46

G+ and -

Question 47

Which ceph can cross the BBB

Answer 47

cefuroxime

Question 48

What are the two second gen cephs that she highlighted?

Answer 48

Cefeotetan Cefoxitin

Question 49

Which gen, 1 or 2, is more effective for G-?

Answer 49

2nd

Question 50

Second gen cephs are also active against?

Answer 50

Anerobic

Question 51

Whic ceph is active against Pseudo?

Answer 51

Cefoperazone

Question 52

Which ceph is active against Pseudo in exotic and zoo animals?

Answer 52

Ceftazidime

Question 53

Which ceph is a single injection in dogs and cats for pyoderma/skin/UTI?

Answer 53

Cefovecin

Question 54

Out of the gen of ceph which one is most effective for G-?

Answer 54

3rd

Question 55

Which ceph has a broader G+ activity? Strep

Answer 55

Ceftiofur

Question 56

Which ceph is effective against resistance infections?

Answer 56

Cefquinome

Question 57

What drug prevents degredation of admin of penicillin?

Answer 57

betalactamase inhibitors: Clavulanic acids Sulbactam-parenteral Tazobactam (resist pseudo)

Question 58

Which betalactam Ab has the broadest spectrum of action? is used for serious resistant infections? what is the SE

Answer 58

Imipenem Seizures

Question 59

What can you use instead of imipenem if you want a more soluble drug with decreased SE

Answer 59

Meropenem

Question 60

What drug is used in penicillin allergic patients?

Answer 60

Aztreonam