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Hesi 2 > Gastrointestinal archer > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal archer Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer

A

H Pylori
overuse of NSAIDS

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2
Q

symptoms of gastric ulcer

A

pain 1-2 hours after meal
abdominal pain aggravated by eating
vomiting
weightloss
hematemesis if hemorrhage occurs

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3
Q

treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer

A

treat hpylori
reduce stomach acid
H2 receptor inhibitor
protein pump inhibitor

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4
Q

symptoms of duodenal ulcer

A

pain 2-4 hours after meals
food may relieve pain
weight gain
melena if hemorrhage occurs

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5
Q

types of H2 receptor blockers

A

famotidien
cimetidine
nizatidine

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6
Q

what do H2 receptor blockers do? How is it taken?

A

decrease gastric secreations
take with food
takes 30-90 minutes to start working

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7
Q

types of proton pump inhibitors

A

omeprazole
lansoprazole
pantoprazole

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8
Q

what do proton pump inhibitors do

A

block gastric secretion
take 30 min before 1st meal

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9
Q

what does sulcrafate do

A

sticks to damaged ulcer tissue to protect from acid and allow healing

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10
Q

how should you take sulcrafate

A

on an empty stomach 2hrs after meal or 1 hour before
at least 30 minutes apart from antacids

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11
Q

what is ulcerative colitis

A

inflammation of large intestine

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12
Q

what is chrons disease

A

inflammation and erosion of ileum and anywhere throughout small and large intestine

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13
Q

signs of ulcerative colitis and chrons

A

rebound tenderness
cramping
diarrhea
dehydration
weightloss
rectal bleeding
bloody stool
anemia
fever

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14
Q

treatment of churns and ulcerative colitis

A

low fiber diet
avoid cold or hot food
no smoking
antidiarrheals
abx
steroids
ileostomy
colostomy

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15
Q

signs of appendicitis

A

abd pain
nausea
vomiting
decreased appetite
fever
increased WBC
increased CRP

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16
Q

characteristics of abdominal pain associated with appendicitis

A

generalized
localizes to RLQ>mcburneys point
remound tenderness>indicates peritonitis
sudden relief indicates perforation

17
Q

pre-op appendectomy considerations

A

do not use heat on stomach >aggravates and can cause perforation
position on right low fowlers for comfort

18
Q

post appendectomy treatment

A

IV fluids
pain management
ABX
NPO until return of bowel sounds
wound care

19
Q

signs of pancreatitis

A

pain increase with eating
abdominal distension
ascites
abdominal mass
rigid abdomen
cullens signs
grey turner sign
fever
nausea and vomiting
jaundice
hypotension

20
Q

treatment of pancreatitis

A

NPO
NGT to suction
bed rest
pain meds
steroids
GI protectants
I and O
no alcohol

21
Q

examples of antacids

A

calcium carbonate
magnesium hydroxide
bismuth subscaicylate

22
Q

HEP A
Cause
prevention
treatment

A

contaminated food and water
improve hygiene and vaccination
no treatment

23
Q

Heb B
Cause
prevention
treatment

A

contacted with infected body fluid
blood screen, hygiene, vaccination
treat with nucleoside analog

24
Q

hep c
Cause
prevention
treatment

A

IV drug use
blood screen, sterile needles
treatment with direct antiviral agents

25
Q

Hep D
Cause
prevention
treatment

A

contact with infected blood
blood screen, sterile needles
treat with interferon

26
Q

hep e
Cause
prevention
treatment

A

blood to blood contact (child birth, sex,)
practice safe sex, hygiene, food sanitation
ribavirin

27
Q

what causes hepatic coma

A

proteins break down into ammonia
ammonia builds up instead of converting to urea
increased ammonia causes cause hepatic coma

28
Q

signs of hepatic coma

A

altered LOC
difficult to wake
hyperreflexia
aserixis
fevor

29
Q

what does lactulose do

A

binds ammonia preventing movement into blood so it is excreated

30
Q

treatment of hepatic coma

A

lactulose
cleansing enema
decrease protein
serum ammonia

31
Q

signs of cirrhosis

A

palpable firm liver
abdominal pain
dyspepsia
decreased serum albumin
ascites
splenomegaly
increased liver enzymes, ALT AST
bleeding risk
anemia

32
Q

treatment of cirrhosis

A

antacids
vitamins
diuretics
paracentesis
low protein, low sodium diet
I&O
daily weight
bleeding precautions
skin care
be careful with drug use

Hesi 2 (10 decks)

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