Gastroenteritis Flashcards
Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the stomach and the intestinal tract
Gastroenteritis
Classic manifestation: increase in the frequency and water content of the stools or vomiting
Gastroenteritis
Types of Gastroenteritis
Viral - caused by norwalk virus or rotavirus
Bacterial - caused by E. coli, campylobacter enteritis or shigellosis
Signs of Dehydration
Poor skin turgor
Dry mucous membranes
Hypotension
Oliguria
Management: Gastroenteritis
- Fluid replacement
- Diet Therapy
- Drug Therapy
- Skin care
Fluid Replacement
Administer what kind of IVF?
Hypotonic IVF (0.45% NaCl)
Fluid Replacement
If with hypokalemia
Incorporate potassium supplements
Diet Therapy
If not actively vomiting
Clear liquids with electrolytes
Diet Therapy
If treated
Crackers, toast, jelly
Diet Therapy
If improving
Bland diet
Diet Therapy
What to avoid?
Avoid caffeine
Diet Therapy
If vomiting
NPO
Drug Therapy
To inhibit peristalsis
Racecadotril and Loperamide
Drug Therapy
To reduce watery volume of stool (suppresses H. pylori and assist in healing of mucosal lesions)
Bismuth Subsalicylates
Drug Therapy
Examples of antibiotics
Norfloxacin or Ciprofloxacin
Sulfamethoxazole
Trimethroprim (bacterial)
