Endocrine System

Question 1

made of hormone secreting glands that helps maintain and
regulate vital functions such as

1. Response to stress and injury
2. Growth and Development
3. Reproduction
4. Ionic homeostasis
5. Energy metabolism

Answer 1

Endocrine System

Question 2

Two parts of the Pituitary Gland

Answer 2

Anterior Pituitary (Adenohypophysis)

Posterior Pituitary (Neurohypophysis)

Question 3

Aka “Hypophysis” and “master gland”

Answer 3

The Pituitary Gland

Question 4

Anterior Pituitary secretes

Answer 4

Growth Hormones (GH) or Somatotropin

Prolactin (Mammotropic, Lactotropic, Luteotropic)

Gonadotropic hormones (LH, FSH)

Thyrotropic hormone (TSH)

Adrenocorticotropic hormones (ACTH)

Question 5

Posterior Pituitary secretes

Answer 5

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

Question 6

It is located in the neck, in close approximation to the first part of the trachea

“Butterfly shape”

Answer 6

Thyroid gland

Question 7

Close examination of a thyroid gland will reveal one or more small, light-colored nodules on or protruding from its surface called ___________________

meaning - beside the thyroid

Answer 7

Parathyroid glands

Question 8

Thyroid gland secretes

Answer 8

Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Thyrocalcitonin

Question 9

These are glands that are located immediately at the anterior part of the kidneys

Answer 9

Adrenal Glands

Question 9

Parathyroid gland secretes

Answer 9

Parathormone (PTH)

Question 10

Two regions of the Adrenal Glands

Answer 10

Inner medulla - which is a source of the catecholamines, epinephrine, and norepinephrine

Outer cortex - which secretes several classes of steroid hormone, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids

Question 11

Adrenal cortex secretes

Answer 11

Glucocorticoids
Mineralocorticoids
Androgens

Question 12

Adrenal medulla secretes

Answer 12

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

Question 13

An elongated organ nestled next to the first part of the small intestine

Answer 13

Pancreas

Question 14

Three Major Cell Types of the Pancreas

Answer 14

Alpha cells (A cells) - secretes glucagon

Beta cells (B cells) - produces insulin and cells

Delta cells (D cells) - secrete the hormone somatostatin which is also produced by a number of other endocrine cells in the body

Question 14

Refers to those cells within the pancreas that synthesize and secrete hormones

Answer 14

Endocrine pancreas

Question 15

The endocrine portion of the pancreas takes the form of many small clusters of cells called

Answer 15

Islets of Langerhans

Question 16

The primary reproductive organs

Responsible for producing the sperm and ova but they also secrete hormones and are considered to be endocrine glands

Answer 16

Gonads

Testes - male
Ovaries - female

Question 17

Male sex hormones, as a group, called androgens

The principal androgen is testosterone, which is secreted by the testes

Answer 17

Testes

Question 18

Two group of female sex hormones are produced in the ovaries

Answer 18

Estrogen and Progesterone

Question 19

At the onset of puberty, estrogen promote

Answer 19

1. Development of breasts
2. Distribution of fat evidenced in the hips, legs, and breast
3. Maturation of reproductive organs such as the uterus and vagina
4. Repair endometrium after menstruation

Question 19

These steroid hormones contribute to the development and function of the female reproductive organs and sex characteristics

Answer 19

Estrogens and Progesterone

Question 20

Progesterone causes

Answer 20

The uterine lining to thicken in preparation for pregnancy