Gastro Review Flashcards
young woman, fever/diarrhea for 5 days
freq, ab cramping, passing of mucus/blood
stool positive for occult blood
causal organism
shigella sonnei
B cereus
Staph aueus
norovirus
causes of ____
vomiting
causes of watery diarrhea
C C. \_\_\_/\_\_\_\_ E S/S C Y
N/R/A
C
G
campylobacter c diff/perfringens ETEC salmonella shigella cholera yersinia
Noro/rota/adenovirus
cryptosporidium
giardia
causes of infallamtory diarrhea
C__
E/E
S/S
Y
E
campylobacter
EHEC/EIEC
Salmonella/shigella
yersinia
Entampeba histolytica
older woman, severe ab pain
fever/pale stools, hypoTN
jaundice, RUQ pain
inc bilirubin/ALP/lipase
cause of sx
impacted ___ in ___
gallstone, heteropancraeetic ampulla
stone in the gallbladder dx
gallbladder contracts against __
constant pain after ___
no ___
labs ____
can lead to c/c
cholelithiasis stone meal fever normal
cholecystitis/cholangitis
obtruction of cystic duct dx __
inflamed/ischemia in ___
severe, prolonged, __ pain
mild ___
__ common, may have inc __
comps: E/G
cholecystitis
gallbladder wall
RUQ
fever
leukocytosis
AST/ALT
empyema/gangrenous cholecystitis
obstructed common bile duct dx ___
__ of biliary tree
persistent __/___
high ___
L
elevated ___/__/__/__
comps: Hepatic __ and ___
cholangitis
bacterial inection
pain
fever
leukocytosis
ALT/AST/ALP/bilirubin
necrosis, sepsis
FAP
presents at __ yrs
100s-1000s of ___
polyps in __ around F__/D__
mutation is ___
10-30y
adenomatous polyps
upper GI
fundus/duodenum
APC
HNPCC
asx until ___ at 45-60y
3 ___, 2 ___, 1 under ___
C/E/S cancers
mutation in ___
cancer
family members, geerations, 1 under 50
colon/endometrial/SB cancer
MLH1
MUTYH assc polpyposis
asx until ____ in 40-50
10-100s of ____
__ polyposis syndrome
mutations in ___
polyp development
adenomatous polyps
AR
MUTYH
PJS
prsents < ___ w polyps/pigmentation
__ polyps w obstruction/bleeding
lifetime risk of ___
mutation is ___
20
hamartomous
colon cancer
STK11
Li fraumeni
presents less than __ w cancer
__/__ sarcoma, __ cancer, __ tumor, ___ adenomas
mutation in ___
50
bone/soft tissue, breast, brain, adrenocortical tumor
tp53
alcoholic cirrosis man, vomiting blood
venous origin of hematemesis
left gastric vein
elderly man, severe LLQ pain, gas in urine
Fever
cause of condition
diverticulitis w fistula
young girl, poor weight gain
diffuse wheezing w interstitial markings, lungs hyperinflated
stool sample w inc fat content
dx is ___
caused by defective __ at __
CF
ion transport, epithelial surfaces
Celiac dz
sx after __
watery diarrhea and __
FTT, anemia osteopenia
mechanism
histology shows ___
gluten
steatorrhea
auotimmune disorder
villous atrophy of jejunum
lactase deficiency
rare in __, more common in __
watery diarrhea and __
due to ___
kids, adults
cramping
disaccharidase def
abetalipoproteinemia
Rare __ disorder
inability to transport __
FTT, __ sx
imability to synthesize __
AR
TG
neuro
apolipoprotein B
pt w lower ab pain/N/V
vomitus of undigested food/greem
distended abdomen, tenderness, no rebound, post Gi surgery
Xray shows distended bowel w airfluid levels
mechanism: proliferation of ___ forming scar tissue in __
fibroblsts, are of operation
infant, freq vomting
firm, mobile mass in middlle of abdome
dx is ___
pyloric stenosis
older woman, chest pain, previous stricture and reflux
vomiting blood/severe pain
crepitus in neck/epigastric tenderness
dx is ____
esophageal perforation
20 YOW, long history of lower ab cramps/bloating/Nausea
constipation/relieved w bowel movement
dx is ___
irritable bowel syndrome
anti-HepC virus antibody is positive
pt will have ____
lifelong infection
HbSag +
HbCAb +
dx is __
acute hepB
HBcAg + IgM
dx is ___
acute hep B window
HBsAb+
HBcAg IgM/IgG
dx is ___
resolved hep B
HBsAb +
dx is ____
vaccinated Hep B
HBsAg +
HBcAb + IgG
dx is ___
chronic hep B
HCV ab +
dx is __/__/__ Hep C
acute/chronic/resolved
pt w freq watery diarrhea post ab
Fever, TTP
dx is __
use __/__ before entering room
C diff
gown/gloves
elderly woman, long hx of diarrhea, ab pain radiating to back
worse w eating, steatorrhea, wl
history of aclohol abuse
calcification in epigastrium
dx is ___
panc insufficiency
pt w 3 m history of ab pain that improves w eating
no bleeding/fever
midepigastric tenderness
dx is ___
next step in management
duodenal ulcer
H pylori stool testing
elderly woman, lower extremity weaknes/tingling
reflexes are exaggerated, reduced sensation
deficient in __
VB12, cobalamin
woman is vegan
concern for __ deficiency
presents w __
B12
anemia w macro-ovalocytes
woman w chronic pancreatitis, weakness, walking w unsteadiness
nystagmus, reduced DTR
broad based gait
may be deficient in
Vitamin E
obese individual
genetic deficiency resulting in famial obesity
subsequent weight loss
pt was originally deficient in __
AMSH
Feeding center, stimulating food intake
hypothalamic arcuate nucleas are __
uses __/__ which is a __ antag
lateral hypothalamic
NPY/AgRP- MC4R
Satiety center, inhibits food intake
hypothalamic arcuate nucleus area ___
uses __/__ which is a __ agonist
and ___
VM hypothalamic area
POMC/AMSH- MC4R agonist
CART
