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Multisystem 2 > Endocrine/Reproductive > Flashcards

Endocrine/Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

teenager, N/V/ab pain
Hx of T1DM, no insulin

tender abdomen, low Na, high K, glucose is very high
high AGAP

urine shows ketones

dx is ____

A

DKA

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2
Q

elderly woman, hx of T2DM

fatigue, A/V/ fever
confusion, somnolence

low BP, glucose at 1200

dx is ___

A

HNK hypoglycemia

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3
Q

MA woman, somnolent

HA/moodiness
low glucose, high insulin, low C peptide

dx is ___

A

surreptitious insulin

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4
Q

Elderly man, SOA for 2 days

inc swelling, weight gain

poorly controlled T2DM
evidence of heart failure

med causing worsening of sx is ___

A

pioglitazone

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5
Q

Hypoglycemia is SE of __

aka ___

also seen in amylin analogue ____ or ____

A

SFU
glyburide

pramlintide, insulin

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6
Q

Lactic acidosis and diarrhea

SE of ____

minimal ___

avoid in ____

A

metformin

weight gain

renal failure

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7
Q

Pancreatitis

SE of ___ such as ___

A

GLP 1 analogue

exenatide

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8
Q

Vaginal candidiasis and UTI

SE of __ aka ____

A

SGLT2 inhibitor, flozin

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9
Q

MOA

SFU are ___

Metformin dec ____

TZDs dec ____

DPP4 inhibitors aka __ inhibit degredation of ___

A

secretagogues

hepatic glucose prodxn

insulin resistance

gliptins, GLP1

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10
Q

MA man w bipolar disorder
inc thirst

labs show very high Na, urine osmolarity is exremely low

dx is _____

caused by ___

A

diabetes insipidus

lithium

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11
Q

Elderly woman, obtunded

less energetic, gained weight
low temp/BP/pulse

cold skin, delayed relaxation of DTR

dx is ___

A

myxedema coma

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12
Q

YA woman, palpitations/tremor
inc BP, wl, exophthalmos

nontender thyroid, low TSH, high T4

dx is _____
mechanism _____

may have thyroid ___
thyroid uptake is __/___

A

Graves

antibodies to TSH receptor

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13
Q

YA woman, sweating/palpitations

post pregnancy, thyroid is nontender/nonenlarged

low TSH, high T4, low I131 uptke

most likely dx is ____

A

post partum thyroiditis

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14
Q

MA woman, sweating/tremor/amenorrhea

inc BP, thyroid is normal
T4/T3 and TSH inc

cause of findigns _____

pituitary releases ___
thyroid releases ___
peripheral tissues form ____

A

pituitary adenoma

TSH
T4
T3

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15
Q

Tender thyroid post URI

dx is ___

A

viral thyroiditis

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16
Q

hyperthyroid sx, low uptake on scan, no URI

dx is ____

A

surreptitious levothyroxine

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17
Q

MA Woman, fever, high lymphocytes

PMH w hyperT, tx w PTU/propanolol

SE of PTU is ____

A

inc WBC/lymphocytes

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18
Q

elderly man, hospitalized for a month

resolved, in rehab facility

labs show low TSH/T4/T3

explanation for findings ___

A

euthyroid sick syndrome

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19
Q

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

inc level of ___
may have mutation in ___
assc w ___/___

A

calcitonin
RET
MEN 2A/MEN 2B

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20
Q

pt post thyroidectomy
spasms and tetany, paresthesias

chovsteks sign is present

cause of findings ____

A

hypoCa

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21
Q

elderly man, confused, smoking hx

Ca is elevated, lung nodule present

cause of high calcium
most likely type of cancer

A

induction of PTH rp

squamous cell carcinoma

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22
Q

MA woman, fatigue/wl
autoimmune thyroiditis, low BP, inc skin pigmentation

Na is low, K is high

dx is ____

A

Addison’s disease

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23
Q

ifnant, poor feeding/lethargy

low Na, high K, low glucose

enzyme that is defieint ____

A

21 alpha hydroxulase

24
Q

MA woman, HA and inc thirst, fundus with AV nicking

low K, creatinine is normal, high BP

dx is ___
caused by overproduction of ___

A

hyperaldosteronism

aldosterone

25
Q

elderly man, PM of smoking/alcohol

confused, lung nodule present
Na is low, urine Na is high
urine osmolality is normal

dx is _____
caused by inc ____
assc w ___

A

SIADH
ADH
SCLC

26
Q

MA man, obtunded

very low sodium, too rapidly corrected, resultant paresis

cause of sx

A

CPM

27
Q

YA woman, amenorrhea

PM of irregular periods, heavy/no bleeding

BMI inc, other lab findings normal

hirsutism

dx is ___

A

PCOS

28
Q

elderly man, fatigue/dec libido

surgical removal fo pituitary tumor followed by radiation

BP/pulse low
labs normal

dx is ____

A

hypopituitarism

29
Q

YA woman, amenorrhea

occasioanl HA/galactorrhea

prolactin level is high

most likely dx is ____

A

prolactinoma

30
Q

pt w increasing joint pain, HA

inc shoe size, prominent forehead, broad nsoe, thick tongue, large hands/feet

dx is ____
elevated __ and ___

A

acromegaly

GH and IGF1

31
Q

pt w fatigue/polyuria

PM of prolactinoma
FH of kindey stones
inc Ca, PTH

dx is ____
assc w __ such as gastrinoma, V, I

Triad

A

MEN 1
pancreatic tumors
VIPoma, insulinoma

hyperPTH, pituitary tumor, panc tumor

32
Q

episodic headache, HTN, flushing/pallor, palpitations

dx is ___
high urine ___
use alpha antagonist ___ first

can be assc w __/___/___

A

Pheo
VMA
phenoxybenzamine

MEN 2A/Men 2B/ NF

33
Q

diarrhea, flushing, wheezing

dx is ___
high ___
may also have __/__

A

carcinoid syndrome
5HIAA
appendiceal tumor/lung sx

34
Q

Men 2A/2B triads

A

2A- MCT, Pheo, HyperPTH

2B- MCT, Pheo, ganglioneuromatosis

35
Q

jaundice, hepatomegaly, cataracts, mental retardation, FTT

dx is ___
deficient in ___
inherited ____

A

Galactosemia
GALT
AR

36
Q

painful muscle cramps post exercise, myoglobinuria

dx is __ aka glycogen storage disorder type __

defect in skeletal muscle ___
cant breakdown ____

A

McArdles, 5

glycogen phosphorylase
muscle glycogen

37
Q

Cardiomegaly, systemic sx, early death

dx is ___ glycogen storage disorder type _

deficient in acid maltase aka ___

A

pompe dz, 2

lysosomal a 14 glucosidsae

38
Q

severe fasting hypoGly, inc lactate, hepatomegaly

dx is ____ glycogen storage disorder type __

defect in ___
inherited ____

A

Von Gierkes, 1

glucose 6 phosphate
AR

39
Q

developmental delay, look like a gargoyle, corneal clouding, HSM

dx is ___
deficient in ___ a mucopolysaccharidase

inherited ___

A

Hurlers

a-1-iduronidase

AR

40
Q

mild developmental delay, HSM, no corneal clouding, aggressive behavior

dx is ___
inherited ____
defect in ___

A

Hunter sx

XR

iduronate sulfatase

41
Q

HSM, aseptic necrosis of femur, bone pain

dx is ____
__ storage disorder
inherited ___
defect in ___

A

Gaucher
lysosomal
AR
glucocerebrosidase

42
Q

HSM, progressive neurodegenration, cherry red macula

dx is ___
inherited ___
accumulate ___

A

Niemann pick
AR
sphingomyelin

43
Q

progressive neurodegeneration, cherry red macula, no HSM

dx is ___
inherited ___
defect in ___ w __ accumulation

A

Tay sachs
AR
hexoaminidase, GM2 ganglioside

44
Q

PN, dev delay, optic atrophy, globoid cells

dx is __
inherited ___
defect in ___

A

Krabbe’s dz
AR
galactocerebrosidase

45
Q

PN, angiokeratomas, CV/renal dz

dx is ___
inherited ____
defect in ___

A

Fabrys
XR
a galactosidase A

46
Q

central/peripheral demyelination w ataxia/dementia

dx is M____
inherited ____
defect in ___
accumulate ___

A

metachromatic leukodystrophy
AR
arylsulfatase A
cerebroside sulfate

47
Q

36 w of gestation, pain and vaginal bleeding

uterus is tender

dx is ___

A

placental abbruption

48
Q

painless vaginal bleedign around 30w

dx is ___
placenta overlies ____

A

placetna previa

interenal cervical os

49
Q

severe, painless postpartum hemorrhae
previous C section/previa

dx is ____

placenta villi attach to ___
defect in ___

A

placenta accreta

myometrium
decidua basalis layer

50
Q

painful massive postpartum hemorrhage

dx is ___

A

uterine rupture

51
Q

post menopausal vaginal bleeding

dx is ___ until otherwise

need __ to confirm

A

endometrial cancer

biopsy

52
Q

Ab pain, LMP was 6-8 w ago

UPT +, adnexal mass

dx is ____

A

ectopic preg

53
Q

severe HTN after 20 w gestation

Proteinuria/end organ damage

dx is ____

w seizures, it becomes ___

A

preeclampsia

eclampsia

54
Q

Preeclampsia, low platelets, inc LFT, hemolysis

dx is ____

A

HELLP syndrome

55
Q

post partum complications include

D
C
P
A

A

depression
cardiomyopathy
Pulm edema
amniotic fluid embolus

56
Q

cloudy amniotic fluid w septic newborn

dx is ___

A

group b strep

Multisystem 2 (14 decks)

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