Gastric Disease Flashcards

1
Q

At least 1 of which 3 Rome II criteria for functional dyspepsia?

A

Epigastric pain
Post-prandial fullness
Early-satiety

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2
Q

3 main causes of organic dyspepsia (+ most common)?

A

Peptic ulcer disease (most common)
NSAIDs
Gastric cancer

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3
Q

How is dyspepsia different to GORD?

A
GORD = reflux
Dyspepsia = stomach discomfort
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4
Q

2 causes of peptic ulcer disease + why they allow ulcers to form?

A

H. pylori
NSAIDs
Expose mucosa to HCl and pepsin

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5
Q

2 places peptic ulcers are most common (+ most common)?

A

Duodenum (most common)

Stomach

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6
Q

3 drugs used to treat peptic ulcer disease (+ example)?

A

Antacids (Gaviscon)
H2 antagonists (ranitidine)
PPI (omeprazole)

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7
Q

When is duodenal ulcer pain worse and better?

A

Worse at night

Better with meals

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8
Q

When is gastric ulcer pain worse?

A

Straight after meal

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9
Q

Apperance of peptic ulcers?

A

2-12cm
Clear edges
Fibrotic base

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10
Q

2 complications of peptic ulcers?

A

Pernicious anaemia

Perforation

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11
Q

3 tests for H. Pylori?

A

Urea breath test
Faecal antigen test
IgA serology

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12
Q

Treatment for +ve H. Pylori depedning on age?

A

> 55 = endoscopy

< 55 = PPI + amox + clarith

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13
Q

Treatment for dyspepsia or peptic ulcer with -ve H. Pylori?

A

PPI

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14
Q

How long should a PPI be stopped before an endoscopy?

A

2 weeks

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15
Q

Pernicious anaemia is associated with?

A

Vitamin B12 deficiency

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16
Q

IL associated with H. Pylori infection?

A

IL-8

17
Q

Between which layers does H. Pylori reside?

A

Epithelium and mucosal barrier

18
Q

2 causes of acute gastritis?

A

Chemical

Head trauma

19
Q

3 causes of chronic gastritis (+ most common)?

A

Chemical (most common)
Autoimmune
H. Pylori

20
Q

What type of autoimmune disease is autoimmune gastritis + 2 key antibodies?

A

Type IV
Anti-parietal cell
Anti-intrinsic factor

21
Q

Chronic gastritis and loss of parietal cells is associated with which main cancer risk?

A

Atrophy

22
Q

What is gastroparesis + how does it present?

A

Delayed gastric emptying

Fullness, nausea, weight loss

23
Q

2 causes of gastroparesis?

A

Diabetes

Elicit drugs e.g. opiates

24
Q

3 treatments for gastroparesis?

A

Small/low fat meals
Motility agents
Gastric pacemaker

25
Q

Benign gastric cancer presents as?

A

Polyps

26
Q

Does gastric cancer present early or late?

A

Late

27
Q

2 places that gastric cancer spreads + key sign?

A
Lymph nodes (Virchow's node)
Liver
28
Q

3 types of gastric cancer?

A

Adenocarcinoma
MALToma
Stromal stumour

29
Q

Does intestinal or diffuse adeocarcinoma have a better prognosis?

A

Intestinal

30
Q

Intestinal adenocarcinoma affects the …. and is/is not associated with H. Pylori?

A

Lesser curvature

Is associated

31
Q

Diffuse adenocarcinoma affects the …. and is/is not associated with H. Pylori?

A

Stomach wall

Is not

32
Q

Other name for diffuse carcinoma + key histological finding?

A

Linitus plastica

Signet cells

33
Q

Describe the position of Virchow’s node?

A

Left supraclavicular