Gases Evaluation (12.18.2020) Flashcards
____consist of small particles that move rapidly in straight paths, have no attractive forces, are very far apart, have very small volumes compared to the volume of the container they occupy, and have kinetic energies that increase with an increase in Kelvin temperature
Gases
_____ is the pressure exerted by a column of air from the top of the atmosphere to the surface of the Earth and is about 1 atmosphere or a little less at sea level
the atmospheric pressure
____ is the force exerted by a gas against the walls of the container
pressure
___ is the space occupied by a gas
volume
___ is the determining factor of the kinetic energy and rate of motion of gas particles
temperature - Kelvin is required in calculations
_____ is the quantity of gas present in a container
amount (n) - moles is required in calculations
___ is described as a force acting on a specific area
gas pressure
pressure equals
force/area
_____ millimeters of Hg (mmHg) is equivalent to 1 atm
760 mmHg
_____ torr is equivalent to 1 atm
760 torr
______ inches of Hg (in. Hg) is equivalent to 1 atm
29.9 in Hg
___ pounds per square inch (lb/in^2) (psi) is equivalent to 1 atm
14.7 lb/in^2
____ pascal (Pa) is equivalent to 1 atm
101.325 Pa
____kilopascal (kPa) is equivalent to 1 atm
101.326 kPa
Boyle’s law states that the…
pressure of a gas is inversely related to its volume when T and n are constant
If pressure increases, then the volume ____
decreases (Boyle’s)
Boyle’s law can be stated as…
P1V1 = P2V2
Charles’s Law states that the…
Kelvin temperature of a gas is directly related to the volume (P and n are constant)
When the temperature of a gas increases, its volume ____
increases (Charles’s)
K =
degrees celsius + 273.15
Charles’s Law is written as…
V1/T1 = V2/T2
Gay-Lussac’s Law states that…
the pressure exerted by a gas is directly related to the Kelvin temperature (V and n are constant)
Gay-Lussac’s Law can be written as…
P1/T1 = P2/T2
Avogadro’s Law states that…
the volume of a gas is directly related to the number of moles of gas (T and P are constant)
Avogadro’s Law can be written as…
V1/n1 = V2/n2
The molar volume of a gas is measured at STP (standard pressure and temperature) and is ___ for exactly __ of a gas
22.4L; 1 mol
the _____ of a gas is the pressure of each gas in a mixture and is the pressure that each gas would exert if it were by itself in the container
partial pressure
Dalton’s Law states that the total pressure…
depends on the total number of gas particles, not the types of particles and is exerted by a gas mixture as the sum of the partial pressures of those gases
Dalton’s Law is written as…
PT = P1 + P2 + P3 +…
partial pressure equals
the number of moles of that component (RT/V) or for multicomponent, Pa = na(RT/V) + Pb = nb(RT/V) + Pc = Nc(RT/V)…
