Gas Transport

Question 1

What is the solubility of O2 in plasma?

Answer 1

.3 ml O2 / dL blood / 100 mmHg.

So if the PaO2 of blood is 100 mmHg, each dL of blood will carry .3 ml O2

Question 2

At any PO2 > 60 mmHg, the Hb is at least 85% saturated with oxygen. This means that our oxygen content is at least what?

Answer 2

17 ml O2/dl of blood.

aka 20.1 ml O2/dl of blood x 85%

Question 3

Does a left shit represent an increase or decrease in hemoglobins affinity for O2?

Answer 3

An increase. AKA harder to release O2.

Question 4

Does a right shift represent an increase or decrease in hemoglobins affinity for O2?

Answer 4

A decrease. AKA easier to release O2.

Question 5

What factors can cause a left shift?

Answer 5

A decrease in Co2, BPG, Temp, and H+

Question 6

What factors can cause a right shift?

Answer 6

An increase in Co2, BPG, Temp, and H+

Question 7

HbF

Answer 7

Fetal hemoglobin. Left shifted to keep maternal O2 bound.

Question 8

What is the O2 saturation of venous blood?

Answer 8

75%

Question 9

What is the formula for RQ (respiratory quotient)? What does it stand for?

Answer 9

RQ = Volume of CO2 produced / volume of O2 consumed.

Question 10

What is the solubility of CO2 in the plasma?

Answer 10

6 ml O2 / dl blood / 100 mmHg

Question 11

What is the Bohr effect?

Answer 11

High CO2 or low pH - right shift

Low CO2 or high pH - left shift

Question 12

What is the a-v O2 difference? Why is this important (what does it represent)?

Answer 12

The difference between the arterial O2 content and the venous O2 content.

It represents how much oxygen was used by the tissue being perfused.

Question 13

Does a-v O2 difference change from tissue to tissue?

Answer 13

Yes. For example, adipose tissue removes very little O2. Skeletal muscle removes much more O2.

Question 14

What are the three ways CO2 can be carried in the blood?

Answer 14

1. ) Dissolved CO2
2. ) Carbamino compunds
3. ) As HCO3

Question 15

How much CO2 can dissolve in the plasma?

Answer 15

6 ml O2 / dl blood / 100 mm Hg.

Question 16

How much CO2 can bind to carbamino compounds?

Answer 16

3 ml/dl of blood (7% of the total)

Question 17

Most of the CO2 in the blood is carried as what? How much specifically?

Answer 17

HCO3. About 90%

Question 18

What is the Haldane shift?

Answer 18

The concept that oxygenation of blood in the lungs displaces carbon dioxide from hemoglobin which increases the removal of carbon dioxide. When less O2 is bound to hemoglobin, hemoglobin has a higher affinity for CO2.

Question 19

What is the chloride shift?

Answer 19

HCO3 produced in RBC is transferred for Cl- to maintain charge, and the HCO3 is carried to the lungs in the plasma of venous blood.