Gas Phase

Question 1

mathematical relationships between the pressure measurements

Answer 1

1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 torr = 101.325 kPa

Question 2

standard temp and pressure

Answer 2

273 K (0°C) and 1 atm

Question 3

standard stage conditions/when they’re used

Answer 3

298 K, 1 atm, 1 M

standard enthalpy, entropy, free energy changes, and electrochemical cell voltage

Question 4

ideal gas definition

Answer 4

hypothetical has w no IMF and occupy no volume

Question 5

when do real gases deviate from ideal behavior?

Answer 5

high pressure and low volumes

Question 6

ideal gas law

Answer 6

PV=nRT

Question 7

density of ideal gas

Answer 7

ρ = m/V = PM/RT

M is molar mass

Question 8

density under nonstandard conditions

Answer 8

ρ = m/(V^2)

Question 9

combined gas law

Answer 9

(P1V1)/(T1) = (P2V2)/(T2)

Question 10

STP volume of one mole of gas

Answer 10

22.4 L/mol

Question 11

molar mass at STP

Answer 11

M = (ρSTP)(22.4 L/mol)

Question 12

Avogadro’s principle

Answer 12

n/V = k
n1/V1 = n2/V2

Question 13

Boyle’s Law

Answer 13

PV = k

P1V1 = P2V2

Question 14

Charles’s Law

Answer 14

V/T = k

V1/T1 = V2/T2

Question 15

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Answer 15

P/T = k

P1/T1 = P2/T2

Question 16

Dalton’s law of partial pressures

Answer 16

total pressure is sum of all partial pressures in gaseous mixture

Question 17

mole fraction of gas in a mixture

Answer 17

Pa = XaPt

Xa = moles of gas A/total moles of gas

Question 18

equilibrium between the evap and condensation stages of an ideal gas

Answer 18

[A] = kH x PA

[A]1/P1 = [A]2/P2 = kH

Question 19

average molecular speed

Answer 19

KE = 1/2•m(v^2) = 3/2•kB•T

Question 20

Boltzmann constant kB

Answer 20

1.38 x 10^-23 J/K

Question 21

root mean squared speed

Answer 21

urms = sqrt(3RT/M)

Question 22

diffusion

Answer 22

movement of molecules from high to low concentration in a medium

Question 23

effusion

Answer 23

flow of gas particles under pressure from one compartment to another through a small opening

Question 24

Graham’s law

Answer 24

the relationship of the rates at which two gases diffuse

r1/r2 = sqrt(M2/M1)

Question 25

van der Waals equation of state

Answer 25

[P + (n^2•a)/(V^2)] (V - nb) = nRT

accounts somewhat for deviations from ideal