Acids and Bases Flashcards
Arrenhius Acid
will dissociate to form an excess of H+ in solution
Arrenhius Base
will dissociate to form an excess of OH- in solution
BL acids and bases
H+ donors and acceptors
Lewis acid and base
electron pair acceptor and donor
amphoteric
reacts like an acid in basic environment and base in acidic environment
examples of amphoteric species
- partially dissociated conjugate base of polyvalent acid
- water
phosphoric acid
H3PO4
Boric acid
H3BO3
chromic acid
H2CrO4
water dissociation constant
Kw = [H3O+][OH-] = 10^-14
pH
pH = -log[H+] = log 1/[H+]
pOH
pOH = -log[OH-] = log 1/[OH-]
pH + pOH
14
relationship between pKa, pKb, pH, and pOH
pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])
pOH = pKb + log([salt]/[base])
Ka
Ka = [H3O+][A-]/[HA]
Kb
Kb = [B+][OH-]/[BOH]
adding electroneg atoms…
inc acidity because of inductive effects
indicator color changes at…
the endpoint
equivalence point
completion of rxn between the titrant and the titrand
strong acid + weak base eq point
pH < 7
strong acid + strong base eq point
pH = 7
weak acid + strong base eq point
pH > 7
phenolphthalein
pKa = 9.7 turns pink
bromothymol blue
pKa = 7.1 green but yellow in acidic blue in basic
bromocresol green
pKa = 4.7 yellow to blue
methyl yellow
pKa = 3.3 turns orange
