Gas laws Flashcards
What does Pascal’s law state?
The pressure on a confined fluid is transmitted equally to the whole surface of its container.
How is pressure defined?
Pressure is a measure of the amount of force that is applied to a specific area.
What are the units of pressure?
Pa, N/mm² or N/m².
Calculate the force exerted by a cylinder with a surface area of 40 mm² and a gas pressure of 240 N/mm².
1440 N
What is absolute pressure?
Absolute pressure is compared with the pressure of an ideal vacuum.
What is the approximate pressure at sea level in millibars?
1.01325 millibars
State Charles’ law.
The volume of an ideal gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.
If the temperature of a pneumatic system containing 0.6 m³ of air at 450 K decreases to 300 K, what is the new volume?
0.4 m³
What is Boyle’s law?
For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume is inversely proportional to the pressure.
Calculate the pressure in a gas cylinder after compressing 18 m³ of gas at 90 bar to 12 m³.
135 bar
What happens to the density of a gas when its volume changes?
The density changes.
What is the formula to calculate density?
Density = mass/volume.
What is the general gas equation?
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2.
What is the pressure exerted by a gas in a sealed box heated from 270 K to 300 K if the initial pressure is 1 × 10⁵ Pa?
1.11 × 10⁵ Pa
What is the characteristic gas equation?
pV = mRT.
In the characteristic gas equation, what does ‘R’ represent?
A constant that depends on the molar mass of the gas.
True or False: R in the characteristic gas equation is the universal gas constant 8.31 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹.
False
Fill in the blank: The volume of an ideal gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the _______.
absolute temperature
What is the relationship between the mass of a gas and the application of Boyle’s law and Charles’ law?
The mass remains constant.
What is the common unit of density?
kg/m³.
