Fluids Flashcards
What is hydrostatic pressure?
The pressure exerted by a fluid at equilibrium at any point of time due to the force of gravity.
Hydrostatic pressure is influenced by the depth of the fluid and the weight of the fluid above.
What is the formula for calculating hydrostatic pressure?
P = ρ g h
Where P is pressure (N/m² or Pa), ρ is density (kg/m³), g is acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²), and h is height of the fluid column (m).
What does hydrostatic pressure depend on?
Hydrostatic pressure depends on:
* Depth in the fluid
* Density of the fluid
* Acceleration due to gravity
It does not depend on surface area, mass of the liquid, or its volume.
True or False: The pressure in a fluid changes with the shape of the container.
False
Liquids in an open container have the same height regardless of the container’s shape.
What is the centre of pressure?
The location of the point of action of the hydrostatic force.
The centre of pressure is always below the centre of gravity of the submerged surface.
What is hydrostatic thrust?
The thrust force acting on a surface submerged in a liquid due to pressure loading.
It can be calculated using the formula F = Pa A, where Pa is average pressure and A is the area of the submerged surface.
Fill in the blank: The average pressure on a submerged surface can be calculated as _______.
Pa = ρ g ha
Where ha is the average depth of the submerged surface.
What is the value of acceleration due to gravity used in hydrostatic calculations?
9.81 m/s²
This is a standard value used for calculations involving hydrostatic pressure.
How is the thrust force on a submerged vertical side of a container calculated?
F = Pa A
Where Pa is pressure at the average depth of the submerged surface and A is the area.
What is the density of water used in hydrostatic pressure calculations?
1000 kg/m³
This standard density is used when calculating hydrostatic forces for water.
What happens to hydrostatic pressure as depth increases?
Hydrostatic pressure increases with depth.
This is because the weight of the fluid above increases the pressure exerted.
Fill in the blank: The pressure at the bottom of a submerged surface is greater than the pressure at the top due to _______.
increased depth
This difference in pressure results in a net hydrostatic thrust on the submerged surface.
