Gas laws Flashcards
Boyle’s Law
Pressure of gas is inversely related to its volume when temp is constant
P1V1=P2V2
If volume decreases pressure increases
Charles Law
The temperature of a gas is directly related to the volume
if the temperature increases, the volume increases at a constant pressure
V1/T1= V2/T2
Gay-Lussac’s Law
Pressure exerted by a gas is directly related to the temperature of the gas
If the temperature of a gas is decreased the pressure also decreases
P1/T1= P2/T2
Which law explains why water boils are lower temperature in higher elevation?
Gay-lussac’s law
Combined gas law
uses pressure, volume, temp relationship from boyles law, charles law, and gay-lussac law where n is constant
P1V1/T1= P2V2/T2
n
number of moles of a gas
Avogadro’s law
the volume of a gas is directly related to the amount (number of moles) of gas
If the amount of gas (n) increases, the volume the gas occupies also increases
V1/N1= V2/N2
How many Liters does one mole of gas have?
22.4L
Ideal Gas Law
PV= nRT
R is a constant
Dalton’s Law
2 gases that do not react are combined in a container–they act as if they are alone in the container
the total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the pressures that each would exert if they were present alone
Pt= P1 + P2 + P3 + …
Mole fraction
(Mol of individual gas) / (total moles)
(n1/nt)
How to determine partial pressure of a gas
(moles of compound)/(total moles) x total pressure
(n1/nt) x Pt
Effusion:
The escape of gas molecules through a tiny hole into an evacuated space
Graham’s Law:
Relates molar mass of the two gases to their rate of speed of travel
Lower molar mass= faster rate of speed (effusion)
Henry’s Law:
The solubility of a gas in a given volume of liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas in equilibrium with that of the liquid
