Gametes And Gametogenesis

Question 1

What occur during prophase?

Answer 1

Chromosomes condense and DNA replication

Question 2

What occurs during metaphase?

Answer 2

Chromosomes line up equator in a random order. Centrioles send spindles to attach to the chromatids.

Question 3

What occurs during anaphase?

Answer 3

The chromatids are pulled apart

Question 4

What happens during telophase?

Answer 4

The cells begins to split

Question 5

What happens during cytokinesis?

Answer 5

2 new daughter cells are formed with their own cell membranes

Question 6

How long does spermatogenesis take?

Answer 6

64-74 days

Question 7

How many cells are produced a day during spermatogenesis?

Answer 7

300 million

Question 8

Which hormone influences spermatogenesis?

Answer 8

Testosterone

Question 9

What are the functions of serotoli cells?

Answer 9

To nourish and protect germ cell development. They envelope the developing spermatocyte and forms the blood-testes barrier.

Question 10

What process occurs to produce spermatogonia from primordial germ cells?

Answer 10

Mitosis

Question 11

What process occurs to produce secondary spermatocytes from primary spermatocytes?

Answer 11

Meiosis I

Question 12

What process occurs to produce Spermatids from secondary spermatocytes?

Answer 12

Meiosis II

Question 13

WHat happens to the daughter cells of mitosis in spermatogenesis?

Answer 13

One cell enters the resting state and the other enters meiosis I to maintain stem cell population

Question 14

What is the function of the blood-testes barrier?

Answer 14

To prettiest genetically distinct cells

Question 15

Why is protection via the blood -testes barrier required?

Answer 15

As the spermatozoon produces products that contain foreign antigens

Question 16

What occurs in the process of Spermatids to spermatozoa?

Answer 16

1. Spermatids decrease nucleocytoplasmic ratio
2. Golgi vesicles form the acrosome
3. Chromate condenses and the nucleus forms a spearhead shape
4. Mitochondria migrate to the mid piece

Question 17

Where is the spermatozoa stored?

Answer 17

In the epididymis

Question 18

Where is the epididymis located?

Answer 18

Between the testicle and vas deferens

Question 19

Where does maturation of the spermatozoa occur?

Answer 19

In the female reproductive tract

Question 20

What is the purpose of oogenesis?

Answer 20

To produce oocytes from oogonia

Question 21

How many oogonia are present at 4/5 months?

Answer 21

7 million

Question 22

How many oogonia are present at birth?

Answer 22

600,000 - 800,000

Question 23

How many oogonia are present in puberty?

Answer 23

Around 300,000

Question 24

What must happen for production of the primary oocyte?

Answer 24

The cell must enter meiosis I

Question 25

What do the squamous epithelial cells develop into?

Answer 25

Follicular cells

Question 26

What makes up the primordial follicle?

Answer 26

The oocyte and follicular cell

Question 27

What hormone will stimulate antral follicle production from the primary follicle?

Answer 27

FSH

Question 28

What do follicular cells develop into during during folliculogenesis?

Answer 28

Cuboidal and stratified granulosa cells

Question 29

When does the Zona pellucida develop?

Answer 29

During folliculogenesis

Question 30

What does the secretion of oestrogen during folliculogenesis stimulate?

Answer 30

Fluid secretion by the granulosa cells and so polarisation of the primary oocyte

Question 31

When does folliculogenesis occur?

Answer 31

At the beginning of the menstrual cycle

Question 32

What does LH surge lead to?

Answer 32

Resumption of meiosis I to form a secondary oocyte and the first polar body. Expulsion of the oocyte ( ovulation).

Question 33

When does meiosis II in the female gamete occur?

Answer 33

After fertilisation

Question 34

What is the purpose of the corpus luteum?

Answer 34

To produce progesterone and oestrogen which stimulates growth of the endometrium

Question 35

What upregulates oestrogen production?

Answer 35

Oestrogen production in the fecal cells