Gamete Transport Flashcards

1
Q

how are sperm and oocytes released by trout

A

directly into the water

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2
Q

how long does motility last for trout sperm

A

30 seconds

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3
Q

what is the name of the hole trout sperm must find

A

micropyle

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4
Q

rapid transport phase characteristics

A

-occurs withing minutes
-peristaltic contractions induced by copulation
-most sperm become damaged or immotile

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5
Q

what is the purpose of the rapid transport phase

A

get as many sperm through the cervix as quickly as possible

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6
Q

slow transport phase characteristics

A

-sperm imbed in cilia to undergo capacitation
-fertilizing sperm to AIJ

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7
Q

cervical phase characteristics

A

-removal of nonmotile sperm and abnormalities
-privileged pathways
-billions of sperm

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8
Q

roles of cervix

A

-receptive at estrus(mucus)
-reservoir cervical crypts
-protein from vagina(phagocytosis)
-energy
-filtration of dead/defective sperm

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9
Q

where is capacitation initiated

A

uterus

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10
Q

capacitation average length? for sheep? pigs?

A

average: 1-7 hrs
sheep: 1.5 hrs
pig: 3-6 hrs

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11
Q

what is capacitation

A

-biochemical change
-removal of sperm outer plasma membrane(helmet)
-necessary for acrosomal reaction to occur

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12
Q

uterine phase characteristics

A

-millions of sperm
-movement through contractions
-capacitation

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13
Q

stimulators for contractions in uterine phase

A

-PGF 2a(from semen)
-oxytocin(from posterior pituitary)

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14
Q

utero-tubal junction phase characteristics

A

-limits number of sperm reaching oviduct(smaller tube)
-acts as 2nd filter
-sperm reservoir
-sperm imbed into epithelium to await ovulation

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15
Q

where is capacitation completed

A

oviduct

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16
Q

where does hyperactivation occur

A

oviduct

17
Q

oviduct phase characteristics

A

-hundreds to thousands of sperm
-transported by contractions and fluid ‘currents’
-sperm reservoir in isthmus

18
Q

sperm oviduct binding

A

-sperm trapped in isthmus region by carbohydrate-mediated binding
-sperm disassociate from epithelium to complete capacitation and hyperactivity

19
Q

what sperm-specific ion channel allows for hyperactivation

A

CatSper

20
Q

how does CatSper work

A

progesterone binds to its receptor opening CatSper which allows calcium to enter and H+ to exit causing pH to increase

21
Q

mechanisms for oocyte movement through reproductive tract

A

-cilia
-fluid currents
-peristaltic contractions

22
Q

T/F the oocyte can survive longer in the reproductive tract than sperm

A

FALSE