Gallstones

Question 1

What are the components of bile? And which one is water soluble?

Answer 1

bile acids/salts *water soluble
phospholipids
proteins
free cholesterol
water, electrolytes and HCO3-
CB

Question 2

What are the types of gallstones?

Answer 2

Mixed stones

Pure stones

Question 3

Chronic cholecystitis is always present in the case of __________ stones

Answer 3

mixed stone

Question 4

What is the combination of mixed stones

Answer 4

cholesterol
calcium bilirubinate
calcium carbonate

Question 5

Mixed stones may be radiopaque if they have ___________

Answer 5

calcium carbonate

Question 6

feature of mixed stones?

Answer 6

multifaceted and laminated

Size n number may vary

Question 7

Name the types of pure stones

Answer 7

Cholesterol stones
Calcium bilirubinate stones
Brown stones

Question 8

What is the color of cholesterol stones

Answer 8

translucent whitish blue color

Question 9

Pure cholesterol stones are _________ (radiopaque/radiolucent)

Answer 9

radiolucent

Question 10

Calcium bilirubinate stones are multiple, small, ________ (color) stones that have facets on
their surface

Answer 10

jet black

Question 11

brown pigment stone is a sign of infection of ___________ (gall blader/CBD)

Answer 11

CBD

Question 12

Infection deconjugates CB, which increases _____ in the bile, leading to formation of brown pigment stones

Answer 12

UCB

Question 13

_____________ are most often

associated with EHA

Answer 13

Black stones

Question 14

___________ are common in multiparous women owing to alterations in cholesterol metabolism during pregnancy

Answer 14

Cholesterol stones

Question 15

There ______ (is/is no) correlation of cholesterol stones with the cholesterol level in the blood during pregnancy

Answer 15

is no

Question 16

Cholesterol stones are associated w/?

Answer 16

obesity
Crohn disease,
advanced age, 
estrogen therapy, 
multiparity,
rapid weight loss, 
Native American origin

Question 17

Pigmented stones are associated w/?

Answer 17

Crohn disease
chronic hemolysis
alcoholic cirrhosis
advanced age
biliary infections
total parenteral nutrition (TPN)

Question 18

What are the risk factors of gallstones

Answer 18

4Fs
Female
Forty
Fertile
Fat