Acute Liver Failure

Question 1

Acute liver failure (ALF) with encephalopathy within ___ months of hepatic dysfunction

Answer 1

6

Question 2

Fulminant hepatic failure with encephalopathy within ____ weeks of onset of jaundice

Answer 2

2

Question 3

What are the causes of acute liver failure?

Answer 3

A: HAV, Acetaminophen, Autoimmune hepatitis
B: HBV
C: HCV, cryptogenic
D: HDV, toxins or drugs
E: HEV, esoteric causes (Wilson disease,Budd-Chiari sy.)
F: Fatty change of microvesicular types (fatty liver of pregnancy etc)

Question 4

What are the morphological findings of ALF?

Answer 4

Wrinkled capsule of liver

Necrosis and regenerated nodules

Question 5

What are the clinical findings of ALF?

Answer 5

N/V/J
Ascites
Encephalopathy (coma, confusion)
Hepatorenal syndrome
Multiorgan failure

Question 6

What r the lab findings of ALF?

Answer 6

Early - HIGH AST and ALT
Late - Low AST and ALT

PT: Increased… NH3: Increased

Question 7

What are the causes of ascites in ALF?

Answer 7

It occurs due to

1. Portosystemic shunting
2. Hypoalbuminemia