Gait

Question 1

HAT

Answer 1

-head arms and trunk: 75% of BW
-Head and ams: 25%
-Trunk: 50%

Question 2

Tasks of Gait

Answer 2

1. Maintain HAT
2. Maintain balance/posture
3. Control Feet
4. Generate forward velocity
5. Shock absorption to decrease velocity

Question 3

1 Year Gait Development

Answer 3

-high guard
-foot flat
-more flexion
-wide BOS

Question 4

1.5 Year Gait Development

Answer 4

-more natural gait
-heel strike and arm swing
-running

Question 5

2-3 Year Gait Development

Answer 5

-normal BOS
-can walk on tip toes or hop

Question 6

7 Year Gait Development

Answer 6

-adult-like

Question 7

Adolescents Year Gait Development

Answer 7

-gait stabilizes when growth stops

Question 8

Normal Adult Gait

Answer 8

-0.64s
-smooth, energy efficinet, saggital torque, shift COP, arm swing

Question 9

Gait Cycle

Answer 9

Stance:
-Initial contact (Preswing): heel contact, flexion hip (20), ant pelvic rotation

-Loading response (pre- swing): weightshift, flexed knee (15), DF (7 lack of will show)

-Midstance (initial-mid Swing): Neutral hip

-Terminal Stance (Terminal Swing): extended hip (20), DF (10 at highest), mtp exetnsion

-Pre-Swing (Initial contact and loading response): extension, flexion (40), PF (15) (MTP 60 for windlass)

Swing:
-Initial Swing (midstance): toe off, most knee flexion (60),

-Middle Swing (Midstance): most flexion (25)

-Terminal Swing (Terminal Swimg): right before initial contact

Question 10

Double Limb Support

Answer 10

-20%

Question 11

Single Limb Support

Answer 11

-80%
-running is 100%

Question 12

Pelvis MMT During Gait

Answer 12

-4-8 deg ant/post
-5 deg sup/inf, 4-5cm

Question 13

Step Length

Answer 13

-distance foot advances in relation to the other (heel to heel)
-18 inch norm

Question 14

Stride Length

Answer 14

-distance from one foot back to the same foot
-Right heel to right heel
-3 ft norm

Question 15

Step Width

Answer 15

-horizontal disrance between heels
-3.5 inches

Question 16

Cadence

Answer 16

-number of steps per min
-110-121steps/min

Question 17

Velocity

Answer 17

-speed of walking
-1.2-1.37 m/s or 4

Question 18

Center of Pressure in Feet

Answer 18

IC: heel
LR: mid foot
MS: lateral forefoot
TS: Medial toes

Question 19

Ground Reaction Forces

Answer 19

IC: Ant to hip and knee, post to ankle
LR: Post to ankle and knee, ant to hip
MS: Ant to ankle and knee, post to hip
TS: Ant to ankle and knee, post to hip
PS: Post to hip and knee, an to ankle

Question 20

Internal Moments

Answer 20

-counteract external forces
IC: ankle DF, hip ext, knee flex
LR: ankle DF, hip ext, knee ext
MS: ankle PF, hip flx, knee flex
TS: ankle PF, hip flx, knee flex
PS: ankle PF, hip flx, knee ext

Question 21

O2 Consumption for Walking

Answer 21

-32% norm, 48% old or conditions

Question 22

Rockers

Answer 22

1. Heel (IC)
2. Ankle (LR)
3. Foefoot (TS)
4. Toes (PS)

Question 23

UE Mmt During Walking

Answer 23

-shoudler 6 flx/ 24ext
-elbow flx: 20-45

Question 24

Stair Gait

Answer 24

-64% stance, 36% swing`

Weight Acceptance (IC):

Pull Up (LR):

Forward Continuance (MS-PS):

Foot Clearance: Most knee flx (90-100)

Foot Placement: most hip flx (60)

Question 25

Running Gait

Answer 25

-stance 40%, Float 20%, swing 40%

Question 26

Past Retract

Answer 26

-forceful hip flexion to extencd a flaccid knee