Elbow

Question 1

Elbow Complex

Answer 1

Humeroulnar joint: humerus and ulna; flx/ext
Humeroradial joint: humerus and radius; flex/ext
Proximal and Distal Radioulnar Joints: diarthrodial pivot-type joint; sup/pro

Question 2

Full Elbow Flexion and ROM

Answer 2

-AROM 135-145 annd PROM 150-160

-coronoid process enters coronoid foss
-rim of radial head slides into radial fossa

Question 3

Full elbow Extension

Answer 3

-0 deg

-olecranon process enters olecranon fossa
-no contact between radial head and capitulum
-stability from bone and LCL

Question 4

Medial/Ulnar Collateral Ligament

Answer 4

Anterior Bundle: primary resist to valgus stress 20-120 flx
-medial jnt stability

Posterior Bundle: limits elbow ext

Transverse Bundle: keep joints together

Question 5

Lateral Collateral Ligament Complex

Answer 5

Lateral radial collateral lig: reinforces humeroradial artticulation; varus stress

Lateral Ulnar collateral lig: resist combined varus and supination stress

Question 6

Elbow Flexors

Answer 6

Brachialis: mobility; MA greatest at 100

Biceps: mobility; MA greatest 80-100; best during supination; less effective with full ext

Brachioradialis: compressing; MA 100-120

Question 7

Muscle Extensors

Answer 7

Triceps: unaffected by arm position; AI witth ext and shoulder hyperext; prevent flx

Anconeus: assis with ext

Question 8

Active Insufficiency

Answer 8

-muscle comprimises movement from being too contracted to produce movement

Ex: triceps in full ext and shoulder hyperext

Question 9

Passive Insufficiency

Answer 9

-muscle comprimsies movement from being too lengetthend to produce movement

ex: finger extensors in full wrist flexion

Question 10

Proximal Radial Ulnar Joint Components

Answer 10

-radial head and radial notch on ulna
-ulna longer than rad

-annular lig: around rad head; stability

Quadrate lig: reinforces inferior joint; maintains radial head in notch; limits spin

Oblique cord: with interosseous mem; prevents separation

Question 11

Distal Radioulnar Joint

Answer 11

-ulna head and distal radius

-Triangular fibrocartilage complex: force transmission; stabilize carpals

Dorsal lig: taut in pronation

Palmar lig: taut in supinaton

Interosseous mem: stabilize; taught during rotation;force transmission during weightt bearing

Question 12

Radioulnar Muscles

Answer 12

Pronator teres: stabilize proximal joint

Pronator quad: stabilize distal joint

Biceps

Supinator: spins radius, greatest torque at 75% pronation

Question 13

Pronation and Supination ROM

Answer 13

ROM 150

Question 14

Funtional Activities of the Elbow/forearm

Answer 14

-100 flx (30-130)
-100 rotaion (50 each sup/pro)

Question 15

Nursemaid’s Elbow

Answer 15

-distraction
-radius pulled from annular lig