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a. Yr 1 FoEP > GAIT > Flashcards

GAIT Flashcards

1
Q

What joints are involved in gait

A

Hip
Ankle
knee
Sub-talar
Metatarsal

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2
Q

What movements occur in the stance phase of the hip
Heel strike
Loading response
Mid stance
Heel off
Toe off
Initial swing
Terminal swing

A

Flexion
Flexion
Neutral
Extension
Extension
Flexion
Flexion

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3
Q

What movements occur in the stance phase of the knee
Heel strike
Loading response
Mid stance
Heel off
Toe off
Initial swing
Terminal swing

A

Extension
Flexion
Flexion
Extension
Flexion
Flexion to extension

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4
Q

What movements occur in the stance phase of the ankle
Heel strike
Loading response (foot flat)
Mid stance
(Terminal stance) Heel off
(Pre swing) Toe off
Initial swing
Terminal swing

A

Dorsiflexion (supination)
Plantarflexion (pronation)
(Plantargrade) Plantar flexion to DF (neutral)
Dorsiflexion to Plantarflexion (supination)
Plantarflexion (supination)
Plantarflexion
Dorsiflexion

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5
Q

What are the axes and planes of the joints movements in stance phase

A

Sagittal plane
Frontal axis

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6
Q

What muscles are involved in the heel strike to toe off at each joint

A

Hip - glute max & hamstring
Knee - quads
Ankle - tib ant

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7
Q

What happens in the knee from heel strike to mid stance

A

Quads eccentrically contact

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8
Q

What happens to muscles involved in knee extension in mid stance to flexion in mid swing

A

Hamstrings concentrically contract

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9
Q

What’s happens to muscles from knee flexion in mid swing to knee extension in swing phase

A

Quads concentrically contact and hamstrings eccentrically contract

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10
Q

What muscle work at the ankle during heel strike

A

Isometric contraction of tibialis anterior

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11
Q

What muscles and contraction occur from heel strike to foot flat at the ankle

Then to foot flat to mid stance

Then mid stance to heel off and toe off

Then toe off through swing phase

A

Tib ant eccentrically contract into relative plantarflexion

Tib ant concentrically contracts

Gastroc and soleus concentrically contract in plantarflexion

Tib any concentrically contacts

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12
Q

What range do the hamstrings work in from heel strike to stance at the hip

And hamstrings and quads at knee

A

H - Middle range

H - outer
Q - inner to mid

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13
Q

What range do hip flexors and extensors work in at the hip from mid stance to heel off and toe off

What at the knee for quads and hamstrings

A

HF - outer
HE - inner

Q - mid
H - mid

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14
Q

What type of muscle contraction occurs around the muscles of the knee joint from :
Knee extension in mid stance to flexion through swing phase

From mid swing to knee extension in swing phase

A
  1. Hamstrings concentrically contract
  2. Quads concentrically contract and hamstrings concentrically contract

Heel strike - quads concentrically contract

Swing phase - hamstrings concentrically contract

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15
Q

Define mobile platform in GAIT

A

How the foot functions as flexible balances and allows weight bearing - occurs from the loading response to mid stance
The foot pronates and BOS expands so we can adapt to an uneven surface and absorb ground forces

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16
Q

Define rigid lever in GAIT

A

Foot acts as a rigid lever when it is supinated and the joints of foot lock up
The foot acts as this by allowing force to transmit through it and allow propulsion

17
Q

Give an example of a third class lever with on of the joints involved in gait

A

Knee flexion through swing phase

Fulcrum - knee joint
Effort - hamstrings insertion on tibia
Load - weight of leg and gravity

18
Q

Any eccentric loading In GAIT

A

??

19
Q

Any active or passive insufficieny in GAIT

A

??

20
Q

Any origin insertion reverse

A

Yes tib ant in heel strike - dorsiflexion

21
Q

What muscles and contraction occur at heel strike to loading response

A

Quadriceps eccentrically contract
Glute max eccentically contracts
Tib ant eccentically contracts

22
Q

Muscle contraction from loading response to mid stance

A

Quadriceps concentrically contract
Glute max concentrically
Gastroc and soleus eccentrically

23
Q

Muscle contraction from mid stance to terminal stance

A

Gastrocnemius and soleus eccentrically contract

24
Q

Muscle contraction at terminal stance to pre swing

A

Illiopsoas eccentrically contract
Gastrocnemius and soleus concentrically contract

25
Q

Muscle contraction at preswing to initial swing

A

Illiopsoas and adductors concentrically contract
Hamstrings concentrically contract
Tibialis anterior concentrically contract

26
Q

Muscle contraction in initial swing and mid swing to terminal swing

A

Illiopsoas and adductors concentrically contract
Hamstrings eccentrically

Tibialis anterior concentrically contract

27
Q

Muscle contraction at terminal swing to initial contact

A

Quadriceps concentrically
Tibialis anterior isometrically

a. Yr 1 FoEP (11 decks)

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