G10 Critical Reading of Narratives

Question 1

is the process of sharing stories.

reflect who we are as beings.

may come in the form of short
stories, plays, poems, essays, and
anecdotes, among others.

Answer 1

Narratives

Question 2

ELEMENTS OF

NARRATIVES

Answer 2

Plot
Characters
Point of view
Conflict
Theme
Setting
Tone

Question 3

Plot

Answer 3

Exposition
Rising Action
Climax
Falling Action
Denoument

Question 4

refers to the arrangement of the main

events in a story

Answer 4

Plot

Question 5

From the word “expose,” this part reveals the background
information, establishes the setting, and introduces the major characters of the
story.

Question 6

In every story, conflict exists. The rising action element is where
the conflict is established and developed through a series of complications.

Question 7

Climax is where the tension is greatest. This is where the turning point
in the story arises.

Question 8

After climax, problems and complications in the story are sorted
out. Here is where falling action occurs.

Question 9

The denouement is also known as the resolution. Conflicts are
resolved, and the story arrives at a conclusion.

Question 10

These are the people, as well as talking animals and live inanimate
objects, in a narrative

Answer 10

Characters

Question 11

These are the most important and leading role players in a
narrative. A major character establishes the theme and generates the resolution
of the conflict.

Question 12

These characters either support or hinder the major

characters in achieving their goal or purpose.

Question 13

This is a lead character that fights for a particular cause or idea

Question 14

This character goes against the protagonist and tries to prevent
him or her from achieving his or her purpose.

Question 15

These characters do not change; they remain the same in
terms of attitude, behavior, traits, and purpose from beginning to end of a
narrative.

Question 16

These characters show some kind of change in terms of

attitude, behavior, traits, and purpose as the narrative unfolds.

Question 17

These characters are two-dimensional; they are relatively

predictable or uncomplicated. They are usually static characters.

Question 18

These characters are complex and multi-layered; they may

exhibit unpredictable behavior. They are usually dynamic characters.

Question 19

This refers to how the story is told. Usually, a narrative consistently
makes use of only one point of view throughout the text

Answer 19

Point of view

Question 20

The narrator takes an active part in the story that he or she tells.
Only his or her experiences, thoughts, feelings, motives, and standpoint on a
particular conflict or matter are revealed.

Question 21

– This is the point of view that is least often used in narratives.
This directly addresses the reader using the imperative mood and makes use of pronouns such as you, your, and yours.

Question 22

The narrator does not take the readers into the mind
of any character. He or she only reports the characters’ dialogue and action,
leaving the readers to infer their thoughts and feelings

Question 23

The narrator does not take the readers into the mind
of any character. He or she only reports the characters’ dialogue and action,
leaving the readers to infer their thoughts and feelings

Question 24

The narrator is all-knowing. Words, actions,

thoughts, feelings, and motives of all the characters are revealed to the readers.

Question 25

This pertains to the problem that gives rise to action. It is the opposition
between characters or forces in the story. Many writers and scholars claim that the
conflict defines the artistic value of a narrative, for without conflict, there is no reason
for the characters to move. Without conflict, there is no substantial theme, and the
story is not interesting. The basic types of conflict are as follows:

Answer 25

Conflict

Question 26

This internal conflict confronts the character with a choice
between good and evil or presents him or her with a challenge to overcome his
or her own nature

Question 27

This is a form of external conflict that features characters going
against each other. For instance, in Chapter 35 of Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere,
Crisostomo Ibarra, the main protagonist in the story, holds a knife against Padre
Damaso after the priest insults the protagonist’s father.

Question 28

This external conflict involves a character going against the
general public, the community that he or she is a part of, or against a certain
fabricated construct (i.e., against a particular standard, rule, or belief). For
example, in Noli Me Tangere, Pilosopo Tasyo is considered unusual by most
people in his community because of his liberal opinions and unconventional
beliefs.

Question 29

In this external conflict, the character is against an element or
force of nature (e.g., typhoon, earthquake, fire, wild animal, raging river).

Question 30

This is the central idea of a narrative. It expresses a universal truth about
humanity. It is universal because it applies to all settings and goes across cultures, time,
and place.

Answer 30

Theme

Question 31

This indicates the time, place, historical context, and atmosphere or overall
mood of the event.

Answer 31

Setting

Question 32

This is the author’s attitude toward the theme or subject of the narrative. An
author may take an angry, bitter, happy, nostalgic, serious, ironic, or sad attitude
toward a particular event or topic.

Answer 32

7. Tone

Question 33

SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
THAT MAKE THEIR WORK
APPEALING AND
INTERESTING TO READ.

Answer 33

Literal Devices

Question 34

This situation in a story is distinctly
funny or interesting because the event that happens
seems to contradict what is expected or what seems
logical to happen.

Answer 34

Situational irony

Question 35

Symbols in the form of objects, places, characters, or actions in the story
may represent a particular idea or theme. Objects that are intended as symbols in a
story are often repeatedly mentioned, described in detail, or included in the title.

Answer 35

Symbolism

Question 36

This part of the story interrupts the movement of the plot to show the
reader a memory or past event. It helps the reader understand a character or a conflict
better.

Answer 36

Flashback

Question 37

With this technique, the author gives the reader an idea or hint about what will take place later on in the story. It helps set the mood for the upcoming events.

Answer 37

Foreshadowing

Question 38

This refers to the details that set the mood or atmosphere by appealing to
the senses (sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell).

Answer 38

Imagery

Question 39

PRINCIPLES OF CRITICAL

READING

Question 40

Research the background of
the author, the context of the
material, the unfamiliar words
and concepts, and anything
else that could help you
understand the
text.

Answer 40

Prereading

Question 41

Read each sentence to understand the vocabulary
words, to recognize sentence structures, and to unlock figurative language. See how all
of these aspects relate with each other to express a particular message.

Answer 41

Reading for the literal meaning

Question 42

writing one’s
thoughts, reactions,
questions, and
identified key ideas in
the text.

Answer 42

Annotating

Question 43

looking into how sentences
function in the paragraph as
well as identifying how symbols
and images contribute to the
meaning of the text.

Recognize how the sentences are related in a paragraph. Take note of the kind of language as well as the images and symbols used by the author to convey a message to the readers to ultimately analyze the content, language, and structure of the text.

Answer 43

Reading for the implied meaning

Question 44

noting the key ideas
and main ideas of the
narrative

Extract the most important ideas based on your understanding of the story.

Answer 44

Summarizing