English Flashcards
two types of etymology
Words Derived from Names of Persons
Words Derived from Names of Places
Types of Word Formation
Affixation or Derivation Coinage Borrowing Compounding Blending Clipping Backformation Conversion or Functional Shift Acronymy Folk Etymology Reduplication Echoism or Onomatopoeia
sentence patterns
S-LV-C S-TV-DO S-IV/ S-IV-ADV S-TV-IO-DO S-TV-DO-OC
adding an affix to a word to create a different form of that word or a new word with a different meaning
ex.self-ish, re-gain
Affixation
invention of totally new terms
ex.zipper
Coinage
process of taking words from other languages
ex.Futon
Borrowing
refers to the process of joining two or more independent words to produce a new form
ex.fingerprint
Compounding
process of creating a new word by combining the parts of two different words
ex.Motel(Motor and hotel)
Blending
reduction of syllables in a word
ex.(Ad)vertisement
Clipping
special kind of reduction where a word of one type (may be a noun) is reduced to another word of another type (may be a verb)
ex.donation-donate
Backformation
new words are often formed by changing an existing word from one part of speech to another
Ex.
Noun to verb
The wine was brewed in France but (bottled in Hong Kong.
Verb to noun
It is a (must) for you to visit your parents.
Adjective to noun
Stop shouting and running around like a (crazy).
Adjective to verb Can you (empty) the bin for me, please?
Conversion or Functional Shift
new words are formed from the initial letters of a set of words
ex. CD
Acronymy
refers to the changing of a word or a phrase over time which results from the replacement of an unfamiliar form by a more familiar one
Folk Etymology
process of forming new words by doubling either an entire word (total reduplication) or part of a word (partial reduplication)
Reduplication
new words are formed by imitating sounds
Echoism or Onomatopoeia
