G10 Communication Skills in Public Speaking Flashcards
refers to the
use of words or speech in exchanging information
with others, which involves sending messages and
transmitting feelings or ideas
verbal communication
a
type of communication that involves expressing ideas
in ways that do not involve or go beyond using words
Nonverbal communication
though not spoken, nonverbal cues such as body
language, facial expressions, and movements greatly
affect the meaning and the understanding of a speaker’s message. Below are the various
types of nonverbal communication
refers to the distance between the speaker and the listener or
receiver of the message
Proxemics
Public distance, which is from _ to _ feet, is used in public speaking.
12 to 25 feet
refers to the use of body language when communicating
Kinesics
Gestures, eye contact, movements, and facial expressions
Kinesics
refers to the role of time in the communication process
Chronemics
In public speaking, there is often a prescribed period of time at which the speaker is allowed to talk. Being late, going way over the time limit, or giving a speech that is way too short for the time given also send a message to the audience.
Chronemics
refers to the speed, volume, and tone of the speaker’s voice
Paralanguage
Sighing, gasping, and clearing one’s throat
Paralanguage
refers to the use of touch in order to convey meaning while communicating with someone
Haptics
Preparation
In public speaking, there is often no opportunity for the speaker to use haptics because of the distance between him and the audience.
Speeches usually start with a _ _ _. This provides background information regarding the subject of the speech.
Statement of facts
The speech then presents _ regarding the various positions that one may take on the issue. The body of the speech also presents evidence or details that serve to support the stand of the speaker.
arguments
Lastly, a speech usually concludes with a call to action that encourages or challenges the audience to do something. The conclusion of an essay may also be a memorable or thought-provoking statement that would get the audience to think more about the topi
Appeal to action
Is it to inform, to persuade, or to entertain?
Purpose
For whom is the speech? How can you make your speech interesting to your target audience? What words should you use to make your speech easy for the audience to understand?
Audience
Is the venue a large auditorium or a small classroom? How could you best make use of the venue while delivering your speech?
Venue
How long do you have to deliver the speech?
Time
What is the topic of your speech? What are the pieces of information that should be included in the speech?
Content
refers to the way that a speaker performs his or her speech
Delivery
involves various factors such as articulation and voice modulation, pitch and speaking rate variation, pauses, hand gestures, facial expressions, movements, and rapport with the audience
Delivery
With careful preparation and proper delivery, you can make your speech effective
refers to the presentation of the speech
Speech delivery
involves both the utterance of words or pronunciation, and the clarity of speech sounds or enunciation
Articulation
refers to varying the voice in terms of pitch, power, and pace
Modulation
highness or lowness of a voice
Pitch
vocal intensity or energy exerted by the speaker
Power
the speed or rate of the speaker
Pace
refers to the ability to command the attention of the audience
Stage presence
Your appearance, projection, and manner on the stage contribute to your stage presence.
Your appearance, projection, and manner on the stage contribute to your stage presence.
These reveal the speaker’s emotions and signal to the audience the interpretation of the given message. By looking at your _ _, the audience can determine whether you are serious, sarcastic, or joking. It is thus important that your _ _ aid in conveying your message.
Facial expressions
are the purposeful movements of the head, arms, hands, and other parts of the body
you should use a wide variety of appropriate hand gestures to enhance your message
Gestures
refer to the act of moving from one spot to another while speaking
Movements
Time your movements properly so that they do not become distracting to the audience
Moving closer toward the audience, for example, is appropriate when asking questions, stating a revelation, or creating a connection.
When you do not have any reason to move around the stage, stay still from the waist downward to help the audience focus on your message.
means establishing a friendly, harmonious relationship with the audience by engaging and connecting with them
Building rapport
Building rapport means establishing a friendly, harmonious relationship with the audience by engaging and connecting with them.
Rapport with the audience
Keep eye contact with the audience by looking in the eye one individual at a time.
In case the audience is large, vary your eye contact throughout the room.
Maintaining eye contact
Speak in a natural way, not in a manner that is robotic or overly rehearsed
Speaking naturally
Make yourself relatable by sharing something that the audience will be able to relate with
Relating with the audience
discipline that deals with issues of good and bad, right and wrong, just and unjust
Ethics
In public speaking, preparation is not only necessary but also ethical. After all, it is the speaker’s obligation to give the audience a good speech. If you are given time to prepare and you do not use that time to create a good speech and polish it, you will not only be wasting your time while delivering your speech; you will also be wasting the time of your audience.
Be fully prepared for delivering a speech
Perhaps the cornerstone of ethics in public speaking is this: honesty. It is the speaker’s duty to be honest in his or her speech. This means that facts or statistics should not be manipulated, and sources should not be misrepresented.
Be honest
Your speech should be a representation of your own beliefs, thoughts, and ideas. To avoid committing plagiarism, you should give credit by citing sources.
Avoid plagiarism
This entails presenting a whole speech that is not the speaker’s own work
Global plagiarism
This happens when an individual obtains pieces of information from different sources and patches them together to form a new speech
Patchwork plagiarism
This is committed when the speech is mostly the speaker’s own work but the speaker fails to give due credit to the sources of some parts of the work that is not his or her own
Incremental plagiarism
As a speaker, you should be careful not to engage in name-calling or abusive language when delivering your speech. Use inclusive language and do not make offensive comments about people of a different race, sexual orientation, or religion. Failing to be respectful will not only be impolite and offensive but can also discredit your credibility as a speaker.
Be respectful
