G&E Difference Between Terms

Question 1

• F₁ vs F₂ generations

Answer 1

– F₁ is the first offspring generation; F₂ is their offspring.Example: F₁: all purple flowers, F₂: purple and white.

Question 2

Dominate vs recessive traits

Answer 2

Dominant shows up even with one allele; recessive needs two. Example: Brown eyes (dominant), blue eyes (recessive).

Question 3

Phenotype vs genotype

Answer 3

Phenotype is appearance; genotype is genetic makeup.
Example: Phenotype: tall, Genotype: Tt.

Question 4

Homozygous vs heterozygous

Answer 4

Homozygous has two same alleles; heterozygous has different ones.
Example: TT (homo), Tt (hetero).

Question 5

Monohybrid vs dihybrid crosses

Answer 5

Monohybrid = one trait; dihybrid = two traits.
Example: Tall vs short (mono), tall + round vs short + wrinkled (di).

Question 6

Autosomal vs sex linked traits

Answer 6

Autosomal are on non-sex chromosomes; sex-linked are on X/Y.
Example: Cystic fibrosis (auto), color blindness (sex-linked).

Question 7

Universal donner vs Universal acceptor

Answer 7

Donor gives to all; acceptor receives from all.
Example: O- (donor), AB+ (acceptor).

Question 8

Gene vs therapeutic cloning

Answer 8

Gene cloning copies DNA; therapeutic clones tissues/organs.
Example: Insulin gene (gene), stem cell therapy (therapeutic).

Question 9

Micro vs macro evolution

Answer 9

Micro is small changes in a species; macro is new species forming.
Example: Bug color change (micro), dinosaur to bird (macro).

Question 10

Geologic vs historical time scale

Answer 10

Geologic covers Earth’s history; historical covers human events.
Example: Jurassic period (geo), World War I (historical).

Question 11

Structural vs physiological adaptationz

Answer 11

Structural = body part; physiological = body function.
Example: Webbed feet (structural), snake venom (physiological).

Question 12

Artificial vs natural selection

Answer 12

Artificial is human-selected traits; natural is nature-selected.
Example: Dog breeding (artificial), giraffe necks (natural).

Question 13

Behavioral vs temporal isolation

Answer 13

Behavioural = different mating behavior; temporal = different mating times.
Example: Bird songs (behavioural), spring vs fall mating (temporal).

Question 14

Gradualism vs punctuated equilibrium

Answer 14

Gradualism is slow change; punctuated is quick bursts.
Example: Gradual: horse evolution, Punctuated: bacteria resistance.