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Microbiology > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

mycology

A

study of fungi

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2
Q

fungi

A

chemoheterotrophs that decompose organic matter; aerobic or facultative anaerobes

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3
Q

cell membrane and cell wall components

A

sterols in cell membrane; chitin/glucan/mannan cell wall

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4
Q

thallus

A

body that consists of hyphae filaments

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5
Q

myecelium

A

mass of hyphae

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6
Q

septate hyphae

A

contain cross walls (reinforced)

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7
Q

coenocytic hyphae

A

do not contain septa

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8
Q

vegatative hyphae

A

obtain nutrients (aerial hyphae, no reproduction)

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9
Q

yeasts

A

nonfilamentous and unicellular

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10
Q

budding yeasts divide

A

unevenly

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11
Q

fission yeasts divide

A

evenly

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12
Q

dimorphic fungi

A

yeast like at 37 degrees C and mold like at 25 degrees C

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13
Q

life cycle

A

fungi reproduce sexually and asexually via formation of spores that detach and germinate

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14
Q

asexual spores

A

produced by mitosis, formed by hyphae of one organism

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15
Q

types of asexual spores

A

conidiospore, arthrospore, blastoconidiospore, chlamydoconidium, sporangiospore

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16
Q

conidiospore

A

not enclosed in sac

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17
Q

arthrospore

A

fragmentation of septate hyphae

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18
Q

blastoconidiospore

A

buds of the parent cell

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19
Q

chlamydoconidium

A

spore within a hyphal segment

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20
Q

sporangiospore

A

enclosed in a sac

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21
Q

sexual spores

A

fusion of nuclei from two opposite mating strains (positive and negative)

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22
Q

3 phases of sexual spore

A

plasmogamy, karyogamy, meiosis

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23
Q

plasmogamy

A

haploid donor cell nucleus penetrates cytoplasm of recipient cell

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24
Q

karyogamy

A

+ and - nuclei fuse and form diploid zygote

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25
Q

meiosis

A

diploid nucleus produces haploid nuclei (sexual spores)

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26
Q

nutritional adaptations of fungi

A

pH of 5, resistant to osmotic pressure, can grow in low moisture, can metabolize complex carbs

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27
Q

zygomycota

A

conjugation fungi

28
Q

zygomycota have coenocytic hyphae meaning

A

free flowing cytoplasm

29
Q

asexual spore of zygomycote

A

sporangiospore

30
Q

sexual spore of zygomycote

A

zygospore

31
Q

microsporidia

A

no sexual reproduction is observed, but probaby occurs in a host; no mitochondria

32
Q

microsporidia serve as a link between

A

bacteria and fungi bc they have no mitochondria

33
Q

microsporidia living conditions

A

obligate intracellular parasite

34
Q

example of microsporidia

A

encephalitozoon

35
Q

ascomycota

A

sac fungi, septate hyphae

36
Q

teleomorphic

A

can produce sexual and asexual spores

37
Q

anamorphic

A

lost ability to sexually reproduce

38
Q

asexual spore of ascomycota

A

conidiospore

39
Q

sexual spore of ascomycota

A

ascospore

40
Q

example of ascomycota

A

talaromyces

41
Q

basidiomycota

A

club fungi, septate hyphae

42
Q

asexual spore of basidiomycota

A

conidiospore

43
Q

sexual spore of basidiomycota

A

basidiospore

44
Q

where are basidiospores formed

A

externally on the basidium, the base pedastal

45
Q

mycosis

A

fungal infection

46
Q

systemic mycoses

A

deep within the body

47
Q

subcutaneous mycoses

A

beneath the skin

48
Q

cutaneous mycoses

A

affects the hair, skin, and nails

49
Q

superficial mycoses

A

localized (hair shaft)

50
Q

opportunistic mycoses

A

fungi harmless in normal habitat but pathogenic in a compromised host

51
Q

economics of saccharomyces cerevisiae

A

bread, wine, hep B vaccine

52
Q

economics of trichoderma

A

cellulase

53
Q

economics of taxomyces

A

taxol - decrease bleeding in open heart surgery

54
Q

economics of entomophaga

A

bio control

55
Q

economics of coniothyrium minitans

A

kill fungus on crops

56
Q

economics of paccilomyces

A

kill termites

57
Q

lichen

A

mutualistic relationship between green alga or cyanobacteria and fungus

58
Q

three types of lichens

A

crustase, foliose, fructicose

59
Q

crustase

A

encrusted on substratum

60
Q

foliose

A

leaf-like

61
Q

fructicose

A

fingerlike

62
Q

thallus of lichen made of 3 parts

A

medulla, rhizines, cortex

63
Q

medulla

A

hyphae grown around algal cells

64
Q

rhizines

A

holdfasts - hyphae projections below body

65
Q

cortex

A

protective coating over algal layer

66
Q

economic importance of lichen

A

dyes, antimicrobial, litmus paper, food for herbivores

Microbiology (8 decks)

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