Fungi

Question 1

saprophytes

Answer 1

fungi that make their living my digesting dead plant material

Question 2

how to fungi speed up the carbon cycle?

Answer 2

they break down dead trees in terrestrial environments

Question 3

what are the two growth types of fungi?

Answer 3

1. ) single-celled forms called yeasts

2. multicellular, filaments structures called mycelia

Question 4

yeast

Answer 4

single-celled fungi

Question 5

mycelia

Answer 5

multicellular fungi

Question 6

filaments with in a mycelium

Answer 6

hyphae

Question 7

what divides hypae

Answer 7

septa

Question 8

how do things travel through hyphae?

Answer 8

pores in septa allow things to flow from one compartment to the next

Question 9

what are coenocytic hyphae?

Answer 9

they are not divided into cells and thus lack a septa

Question 10

because fungi have the highest surface area to volume ratio…

Answer 10

they have the best absorption

Question 11

what’s one down side of fungi’s high surface area to volume ratio?

Answer 11

they dry out faster so they can only grow in moist areas.

Question 12

4 ways in which fungi reproduce

Answer 12

1 dimming gametes and spores
2 zygosporangia
3 basidia
4 asci

Question 13

zygosporangia

Answer 13

spore producing structures formed when hyphae are yoked

Question 14

are fungi more closely related to animals or land plants?

Answer 14

animals!

Question 15

microsporangia

Answer 15

single celled eukaryotes

Question 16

what are the major lineages of fungi?

Answer 16

microsporangia 
chytrids 
zygomycetes 
glomeromycota 
basidiomycota
ascomycota

Question 17

what type of relationship do most fungi and plants have?

Answer 17

symbiotic relationship

Question 18

— form a dense network around the roots of plants. Their hyphae penetrate the intercellular spaces of the root but do not enter the root cells

Answer 18

ectomycorrhizal fungi

Question 19

fungi whose hyphae actually penetrate root cells

Answer 19

arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Question 20

mycorrhizal

Answer 20

fungi that live in close association with plant roots

Question 21

what do fungi give plants in their symbiotic relationship?

Answer 21

nitrogen and phosphorus

Question 22

how does glomalin help soil?

Answer 22

enriches the organic matter in soul and helps bind organic compounds to sand or clay particles

Question 23

commensal

Answer 23

if one species benefits but the other one is unaffected

Question 24

large molecules such as starch, lignin, cellulose, protein, and RNA cannot diffuse across plasma membranes… what does this have to do with fungi decomposition?

Answer 24

fungi preform EXTRACELLULAR DIGESTION to break them down into simple compounds that can be absorbed by the hyphae

Question 25

why do fungi decompose lignin if they don't use it as food?

Answer 25

to expose the energy rich cellulose

Question 26

plasmogamy

Answer 26

when the cytoplasm if two different hypes fuse through their hyphae

Question 27

heterokaryotic

Answer 27

n + n

Question 28

karyogamy

Answer 28

the fusion of two nuclei ( n+n= 2n)

Question 29

chytrids

Answer 29

include the only fungi in which alternation of generations occurs ( chytrid life cycle)

Question 30

zygomycetes

Answer 30

form yoked hyphae that produce a spore- forming structure

Question 31

basidiomycota

Answer 31

have reproductive structures with many spore-producing basidia

Question 32

ascomycota

Answer 32

have reproductive structures with many spore- producing asci