Fungi Flashcards
What are fungi?
They are a classified kingdom of there own but they have similarites linked to Animals and Plants.
There Nuclei floats around the cytoplasm and there can be more than one.
List the 6 characteristics of Fungi
- Eukaryotic
- Heterotrophs (eat material cannot self produce food)
- Have a cell wall
- Filamentous - Made of Hyhae
- No tissue - ie muscle or nervous
- Multicellular (except for yeast)
What are Fungi cell walls made of?
Chitin
Give two good functions of Fungi
Major decomposers of organic matter
Generate many commerical products i.e Ethanol
Give three bad functions of Fungi
- Cause 70% of crop disease
- Can become life threatening human pathogens
- Can be Facultative parasites (a parasite that does nt require a host)
What is unique about yeast as a fungi?
It is unicellular rather than multicellular which all other fungi are.
What is the main structure of fungi made up of?
Hyphae - spreads under ground eventually pushing up a fruiting body.
What is the name given to the growth of Hyphae?
Apical Growth
What is a fruiting body?
The Reproductive Structure
What is the name given to the Hypae underground?
Mycelia / Mycelium
Describe Hypae
One cell thick
Tangled together underground
Allows for greater surface area.
Grows from the Apex
What are fungi Spores?
They are produced from the flowering body or hang on the Sparangiophores (exteneded hypae) and act like seeds seaking out other nutrient rich areas for more fungi.
Where would you find a Sporangia?
Sporangia are found at the tips of specialised hyphae called sporangiophores.
Do Fungi reproduce Asexually or Sexually?
Both!
Describe how a Fungi reproduces Asexually
This occurs when Hypae break off and grow on there own.
Describe how the fungi reproduce Sexually.
Two hyphae grown and come together touching. They grown and develop a Zygote which through meosis developes into a Spore.
What are Seconday Metabolites?
Products that aid in the growth and development of fungi but are not required for the fungi to survive
What is a Sparobe?
Fungi that obtain food from decaying matter. Most fungi are this.
What are parasites?
They harm there host organisum whilst living on them. Some fungi are parasites.
What are Symbiants?
An organisum that live with an other organisum where is it mutually benifical.
Some fungi are Symbiants.
i.e. Algae & Fungi
Give 3 disease examples of Fungi.
- Athlets’s Foot
- Ringworm
- Thrush
Give the 4 classifications of a Fungal infections?
By the degree of damage caused.
- Superfical - Confined to the skin hair or nails
- Subcutaneous - The skin and tissue beneath the skin
- Systemin - Deep infection including organs
- Opportunist - Infection only present in immunocomprimised people.
