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Multisystem > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

4 superficial mycoses

A

Ø Pityriasis (Tinea) versicolor
Ø Tinea nigra
Ø Black piedra
Ø White piedra

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2
Q

Cutaneous mycoses

A

Dermatophytosis

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3
Q

Subcutaneous mysoses

A

Sporotrichosis

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4
Q

Nodules on hair shaft caused by Piedraia hortae

A

Black piedra

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5
Q

Nodules on outside fo hair shaft caused by Trichosporon species

A

White Piedra

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6
Q

Hortaea (Exophiala) werneckii is the fungus reponsible for

A

Tinea negra

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7
Q

Disease? Organism?

A

Malassezia furfur

Tinea versicolor

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8
Q

Malassezia furfur causes which disease?

A

Tinea versicolor

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9
Q

Disease? Organism?

A

Tenia versicolor

Malassezia furfur

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10
Q

This disease causes catheder-associated sepsis in patients receiving prolonged intravenous lipids

A

Tenia versicolor

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11
Q

This disease has yellow-green flurescence under wood’s light

A

Tenia versicolor

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12
Q

Spaghetti & meatballs

A

Tenia versicolor

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13
Q

Disease?

A

Tenia versicolor

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14
Q

Needs long-chain fatty acids in media to grow

A

Tenia versicolor

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15
Q

Disease?

A

Tinea negra

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16
Q

Disease?

A

Tinea negra

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17
Q

Fungus found in soil and wood which causes macules in palms & soles

A

Tinea negra

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18
Q

How do you treat Tinea negra?

A

Topical drugs

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19
Q

Disease?

A

Tinea negra

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20
Q

Disease?

A

Tinea negra

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21
Q

Disease?

A

Black piedra

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22
Q

Disease?

A

White piedra

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23
Q

What are dermatophytes?

A

Keratonophilic fungi

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24
Q

What are the 3 genera of dermatophytes? what parts of the body do they infect?

A

Microsporum (hair, skin)

Epidermophyton (skin, nail)

Trichophyton (hair, skin, nail)

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25
Q

What do **endothrix ** and exotrhix mean?

A

Hypahe fragment into conidia inside or outside of hair shaft

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26
Q

what is the infective form of dermatophytes?

A

Arthroconidia

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27
Q

What conditions do you use to culture dermatophytes?

A

Sabouraud’s dextrose @ 25C

pH = 5.2, Chloramphenicol & cycloheximide

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28
Q

Which dermatophytes has spherical microconidia that cluster along hyphae and few macroconidia?

A

trichophyton

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29
Q

Dermatophyte genera?

A

trichophyton

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30
Q

Dermatophyte genera?

A

Microsporum

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31
Q

Dermatophyte with spindle-shaped macroconidia and few microconidia?

A

Microsporum

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32
Q

Which dermatophyte has club-shaped macroconidia and no microconidia?

A

epidermophyton floccosum

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33
Q

Organism?

A

Epidermophyton fluccosum

34
Q

Pathogenesis of dermatophytes

A
  1. Arthospores adhere to keratinocytes
  2. spores germinate and form mycelum
  3. Proteinases and kinases secreted
  4. Slow-growing, chronic infection
  5. May cause id reactions
35
Q

Disease?

Most common organisms?

A

Tinea capitis

Trychophyton tonsurans & microsporum canis

36
Q

Disease?

Most common organisms?

A

Tinea capitis

Trichophytum tonsurans, microsporum canis

37
Q

Disease?

Most common organism?

A

Tinea corporis

Trychopytum species

38
Q

Disease?

Most common organisms?

A

Tinea corporis

Trychopytum species

39
Q

Disease?

Most common organisms?

A

Tinea cruri

Epidermophyton floccosum, T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes

40
Q

Disease?

A

Tinea fasciae

41
Q

Disease?

A

Tinea barbae

42
Q

Disease?

A

Tinea pedis

43
Q

Disease?

A

Tinea unguium

44
Q

How do you treat onychomycosis?

A

Oral atifungals for 6-12 weeks (get incorporated into nail as it grows)

45
Q

Sporothrix schenckii is the causative agent of

A

sporotrichosis

46
Q

Asteroid bodies on biopsy

A

Sporotrichosis

47
Q

Finding?

Disease?

A

Asteroid body

Sporotrichosis

48
Q

Finding?

Disease?

A

Cigar-shaped budding yeast

Sporotrichosis

49
Q

Finding?

Disease?

A

daisy microconidia

Sporotrichosis

50
Q

Finding?

Disease?

A

Linear subq nodules

Sporotrichosis

51
Q

Which fungi has centrally uncerated nodules & daisy microconidia?

A

Sporotichosis

52
Q

Finding?

Disease?

A

Cigar bodies

Sporotrichosis

53
Q

Finding?

Disease?

A

Daisy microconidia (+septate hyphae)

Sporotrichosis

54
Q

How do you get infected with sporotrichosis?

A

Direct innoculation

Aspiration (alcoholics & COPD)

55
Q

What is the reservoir for sporotrichosis

A

Soil, decaying wood, vegetation

56
Q

Disease most likely seen in rose handlers or those in contact with moss

A

Sporotrichosis

57
Q

Pathogenesis of Sporotrichosis

A
  1. Spores bind to extracell matrix
  2. Local multiplication
  3. Mixed pyogenic & granulomatous inflammation
  4. Spread via lymphatics

*lesions are granulomas surrounded by PMNs, histiocytes, giant cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells

58
Q

Clincial finding is sporotrichosis

A
  • PRIMARY LESION
    • Painless papule evoled into pustule, then ulcerates
    • Minimal constitutional symptoms
  • SECONDARY LESION
    • ​spread up lymphatics proximally
    • suppurative, can caused lymphadenopathy
59
Q

Disease?

A

Primary sporotrichosis

60
Q

Disease?

A

Primary sporotrichosis

61
Q

Disease?

A

Secondary sporotrichosis

62
Q

Disease?

A

Secondary sporotrichosis

63
Q

Major differential for sporotrichosis?

A

Non-TB mycobateria

64
Q

Where can sporotrichosis disseminate?

A

Bone, lungs, CNS (multisystem)

65
Q

Disease?

A

Sporotrichosis

66
Q

T or F

Sporotrichosis is dimorphic

67
Q

What is the treatment for sporotrichosis?

A
  • Potassium iodide (localized or lymphatic)
  • Itraconazole or terbinafine
  • Amphotericin B (disseminated)
68
Q

Myco that causes verrucous cauliflower-like lesions in extremities, especially legs

A

Chromoblastomycosis

69
Q

How do you treat chromoblastomycosis?

A

Surgical removal + antifungals

70
Q

Demataceous fungi

(Fonsecaea, Phialphora, Cladosporium, Exophiala)

cause which disease?

A

Chromoblastomycosis

71
Q

disease?

Organism?

A

Chromobalstomycosis

Phialphora verrucosa

72
Q

Finding?

Disease?

A

Granulomatous inflammation, sclerotic (penny) bodies

Chromoblastomycosis

73
Q

Myco that causes suppurative & granulomatous inflammation with sclerotic bodies

A

Chromoblastomycosis

74
Q

Myco that causes tumor-like growths, draining sinus tracts, & granules from traumatic implantation of organisms

A

Mycetoma (maduromycosis)

75
Q

Which organisms can cause Mycetoma (maduromycosis)?

A

Bacterial (actinomycotic): nocardio, actinomyces, actinomadura, streptomyces

Fungal (eumycotic): maduerlla, acremonium, apergillus…

Black grain: most cmmon, dematicous fungi

White grain : Pseudoallescheria boydii/scedosporium apiospermum most common

76
Q

What are Dematiaceous fungi?

A

Dark-colored fungi (produce melanin)

77
Q

Indolent myco that discolors skin, causes sinus tracts, and can spread to fascia, muscle, bone over decades

A

Mycetoma (maduromycosis)

78
Q

disease?

A

Maduromycetoma (foot)

79
Q

Disease?

A

Eumycotic mycetoma

80
Q

Disease?

A

Actinomycotic mycetoma

81
Q

Treatment fro mycetoma

A

Resection and/or amputation

Multisystem (5 decks)

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