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Exanthems Flashcards

1
Q

Slapped cheek appearance

A

Parvo B19

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2
Q

Reticulated rash on trunk, child looks fine

A

Parvo B19

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3
Q

Parvo B19 in pregnancy can cause

A

Hydrops featalis

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4
Q

Why does Pavo B19 cause aplastic crisis in SS patients?

A

It causes a maturation arrest at pronormoblast and proerythroblast stage

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5
Q

Papular-purpuric gloves and socks syndrome

A

Parvo B19

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6
Q

What virus causes erythema infectiosum?

A

Parvo B19

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7
Q

How do you diagnose Parvo B19?

A

Clinical & epi, IgM, PCR, BM biopsy (maturation arrest)

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8
Q

Are children with Parvo rash infectious?

A

No

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9
Q

Parvo B19 virology

A

ssDNA, icosahedral

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10
Q

ssDNA, icosahedral

A

Parvo B19

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11
Q

ssRNA, icosahedral, capsule

A

Rubella

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12
Q

ssRNA, helical

A

Measles

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13
Q

High fever followed by rash beginning on trunk

A

Roseola

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14
Q

Koplik spots, rash spreads from face to trunk, sick child

A

Measles

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15
Q

URI & systemic symptoms, petechiae on softr palate, quick-spreading rash

A

Rubella

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16
Q

Can cause giant cell pneumonia in AIDS patients

A

Measles

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17
Q

Can cause subacute sclerosing panencephalitis years later

A

Measles

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18
Q

Blueberry muffin baby (dermal hematopoesis)

A

Rubella (late congenital)

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19
Q

Low BW, cataracts, deafness, glaucoma, heart disease, mental retardation

A

Rubella (early congenital)

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20
Q

Most common heart disease in early congenital rubella

A

PDA

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21
Q

Pathogenesis of measles

A

Respiratory, epithelial cells (URI), viremia, reticulondothelial cells, viremia, WBC & macrophages, skin & resp tract

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22
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Koplik spots?

A

T cells attack endothelial cells in dermal capillaries

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23
Q

Forcheimer’s sign

A

petichiae on soft pallate (Rubella)

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24
Q

Exanthem that can cause arthritis

A

Parvo B19

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25
Q

Measles diagnosis

A

Clinical, epi, IgM

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26
Q

T or F

Live attentuated Measles vaccine can serve as post-exposure prophylaxis

A

True, up to 72 hrs after exposure

27
Q

surface spikes contain hemagglutinin

28
Q

What is the pathogenesis of ther rash in Rubella?

A

T cell attack on dermal capillaries * Ag-Ab complex mediated vasculitis

29
Q

Rash similar to measles but less red

30
Q

dsDNA, eveloped

A

Herpes (roseola, varicella)

31
Q

Beta herpes virus

32
Q

High fever, rash that starts on trunk

33
Q

Can cause febrile seizures

34
Q

Roseola diagnosis

35
Q

Eosinophilic intranucelar inclusiions & multinucelated giant cells in kidney cell culture

A

varicella-zoster

36
Q

Dewdrop on a rose petal

37
Q

What shoudl you test for if a young, healthy individual presents with Zoster?

38
Q

May cause post-herpetic neuralgia

39
Q

Patients with Hodgkin’s treated with irradiationa nd chemo develop

40
Q

What are the 2 major complications of Zoster?

A

Pneumonia (adults, immunosuppressed)

Encephalitis (diffuse)

41
Q

Most common cause fo death for complicated varicella

42
Q

Transmission of varicella occurs through

A

Respiratory droplets

43
Q

when is the varicella patient contagious?

A

1-2 days before rash

44
Q

Hutchinson’s sign

A

V1 involvement of Zoster, refer to ophthamologist

45
Q

Ramsay-Hunt syndrome

A

CN VII involvement of varicella. may cause palsy, hearing & taste problems

46
Q

Mutinucleated giant cells seen on base of skin lesions

A

varicella (infected keratinocytes)

47
Q

Vesicular lesions of erythemetous base

48
Q

What disease do enteroviruses cause?

A

hand-mouth-foot disease (herpangina)

49
Q

Examples of Enteroviruses

A

Echovirus, coxsackie, enterovirus, poliovirus

50
Q

Child 1-4, white vesicle on palms & soles, vesicles & erosions in uvula, tonsils, gigiva, palate, tongue, Lymphadenopathy, constitutional.

51
Q

6 childhood exanthems

A
  1. measles
  2. Scarlet fever (strep pyogenes)
  3. Rubella
  4. Dukes
  5. Parvo B19
  6. Roseola (HHV-6/7)
52
Q

Treated with vitamin a

53
Q

When are Rubella patients infective?

A

A week before rash to 2 weeks after onset of rash

54
Q

Can have intermittent flares from enviornment

55
Q

What causes exanthema subitum?

56
Q

Reactivation of this virus with drug exposure could lead to drug-induced hypersensitivity

57
Q

Pink macules and papules surrounded by white halos, beginning on trunk

58
Q

Where does Roseola establish latency?

A

T lymphocytes (maybe salivary glands)

59
Q

Can cause mono-like illness in adults

A

Roseola (HHV-6)

60
Q

Alpha herpes

A

Varicella & Zoster

61
Q

When do varicella patients stop being infectious?

A

After all vesicles have crusted

62
Q

Most common varicella complication

A

Staph or GABHS superinfection

63
Q

Varivax vs Zostavax

A

Zostavax is 14X concentrated

Multisystem (5 decks)

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