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Dermatology > Fungal and parasitic skin infection > Flashcards

Fungal and parasitic skin infection Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What are some examples of fungal skin infection?

A
  • Candidiasis
  • Tinea (Dermatophytoses)
  • Pityriasis (Tinea) versicolor
  • Emboli (e.g. aspergillus, mucor sp)
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2
Q

What is the common name for dermatophyte infection?

A

Ringworm

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3
Q

What is a dermatophyte infection of the scalp called?

A

Tinea capitis

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4
Q

What is a dermatophyte infection of the beard called?

A

Tinea barbae

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5
Q

What is a dermatophyte infection of the body called?

A

Tinea corporis

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6
Q

What is a dermatophyte infection of the hand called?

A

Tinea manuum

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7
Q

What is a dermatophyte infection of the nail called?

A

Tinea unguium

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8
Q

What is a dermatophyte infection of the groin called?

A

Tinea cruris

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9
Q

What is a dermatophyte infection of the foot called?

A

Tinea pedis (Athletes foot)

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10
Q

What are the 3 places from which dermatophyte fungi can be picked up?

A

Other humans (Anthropophilic fungi)
Animals (Zoophilic fungi)
Soil (Geophilic fungi)

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11
Q

How do dermatophytes infect the skin?

A

The fungus enters the skin via abraded or soggy skin and its hyphae spread in the stratum corneum

This infects keratinised tissues only such as skin, hair and nails

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12
Q

Describe the presentation of dermatophyte infection

A

There is an increased turnover of the epidermis, causing scaling and an inflammatory response, with invasion of hair follicles

The lesions grows outwards and heals in the centre, giving it a ring appearance

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13
Q

Who is most commonly affected by dermatophyte infection?

A

Males
Tinea capitis (Children)

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14
Q

What are the 3 most common forms of dermatophytes?

A
  • Trichophyton rubrum (>70% of cases)
  • Trichophyton mentagraphytes
  • Microsporum canis (Cats and dogs)
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15
Q

How is diagnosis of dermatophyte infection made?

A

Diagnosis is made based on clinical appearance, woods light (Fluorescence) and scrapings of skin, nail or hair

These scrapings are sent to the laboratory in a Dermapak for microscopy and cultures, which takes around 2 weeks

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16
Q

How are small areas of dermatophyte infection treated?

A

Clotrimazole cream and topical nail paint (e.g. amorolfine)

17
Q

How is tines capitis usually managed?

A

Terbinafine or itraconazole orally

18
Q

What is intertrigo?

A

Inflammation caused by friction

19
Q

Where does candida on the skin usually grow?

A

In skin folds where it is warm and moist, often in areas of intertrigo (Candida intertrigo)
- Under breasts
- Groin areas
- Abdominal skin folds
- Nappy areas

20
Q

How is candida skin infection managed?

A

Clotrimazole cream or oral fluconazole

21
Q

What are some examples of parasitic skin infestation?

A
  • Scabies
  • Lice
  • Leishmaniasis
  • Schistosomiasis
  • Onchocerciasis
  • Strongyloiidiasis
  • Gnathostomiasis
  • Amoebiasis
  • Trypanosomiasis
  • Hookworm
  • Filariasis
  • Acanthamoebiasis
22
Q

What is scabies?

A

Scabies is a parasitic skin infection caused by Sarcoptes scabiei

23
Q

What parasite is involved in scabies?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

24
Q

What is the incubation period of scabies?

A

Up to 6 weeks

25
Q

How will scabies usually present?

A

It presents as an intensely itchy rash, affecting the finger webs, wrists and genital areas
The parasite can burrow into the skin causing burrows skin lesions

26
Q

What is Norwegian scabies?

A

A chronic crusted form of scabies which is highly infectious

27
Q

How is scabies managed?

A
  • Malathion lotion - Applied overnight to whole body and washed off the next day
  • Benzyl benzoate (Avoid in children)
28
Q

Where lice species is usually involved in head lice?

A

Pediculus humanus capitis

29
Q

What lice species is involved in body lice?

A

Pediculus humanus corporis

30
Q

What lice species is involved in pubic lice?

A

Phthirus pubis

31
Q

What is the main treatment of lice?

A

Malathion or dimeticone (Hedrin)

32
Q
A

Dermatology (38 decks)

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