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SBE > Funeral Service Law > Flashcards

Funeral Service Law Flashcards

1
Q

abatement

A

a proportional reduction of a legacy under a will when assets out of which such legacy are payable are not sufficient to pay it in full

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2
Q

actual custody

A

the physical possession of the dead human body or other property

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3
Q

ademption

A

the extinction or withdrawal of an inheritance because decedent did not own the named property at the time of death

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4
Q

administrative agency

A

a governmental body created by legislation empowered to regulate and issue rules and regulations

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5
Q

administrative law

A

the body of law created by Federal and State administrative agencies through implementation of powers and duties in the form of rules, regulations, orders and decisions (e.g. OSHA, FTC, state board rules and regulations).

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6
Q

administrator/administratrix

A

the man/woman who is appointed by the court to settle the estate of a decedent who died without a last Will and Testament.

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7
Q

agent driver

A

those drivers under the directions and control of the funeral establishment which is liable for the driver’s negligent actions

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8
Q

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

A

a federal statute prohibiting discrimination against the disabled in employment, public transportation, telecommunications services, and public accommodations and services operated by private entities

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9
Q

apprentice (intern/resident trainee)

A

a person engaged in learning the practice of funeral directing and/or embalming under instruction, directions or personal supervision of a duly licensed funeral director and/or embalmer

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10
Q

bailee

A

a person who receives personal property from another as a bailment

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11
Q

bailment

A

a delivery of personal property by one person (the bailor) to another (the bailee) who holds the property for a certain purpose under an express or implied-in-fact contract

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12
Q

bailor

A

a person who delivers personal property to another as a bailment

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13
Q

bequest (legacy)

A

a gift of personal property by will

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14
Q

body parts

A

in the Uniformed Anatomical Gift Act part is defined as organs, tissues, eyes, bones, arteries, blood, other fluids and other portions of a human body for transplantation. After removal of a body part, without unnecessary mutilation, the custody of the remainder of the body rests with the person who otherwise has the right to control final disposition

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15
Q

brain death

A

total and irreversible cessation of brain function as indicated by a flat EEG reading

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16
Q

building code

A

laws, ordinances and government regulations setting forth requirements for construction, maintenance, operation, occupancy, use of appearance of buildings

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17
Q

burial (interment/inhumement)

A

the act of placing the dead human body in the ground

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18
Q

cadaver

A

a dead human body intended solely for scientific study and dissection

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19
Q

case law

A

appellate court decisions that establish precedented principles

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20
Q

cemetery

A

an area of ground set aside and dedicated for the final disposition of dead human bodies

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21
Q

clinical death

A

phase of somatic death lasting from 5-6 minutes during which life may be restored

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22
Q

codicil

A

an addition or amendment of a last will and testament executed with the same formality of the will

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23
Q

common carrier

A

any carrier required by law to convey passengers or freight without refusal if the approved fare or charge is paid (e.g., airline, train, etc.)

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24
Q

common law

A

non legislated principles and rules of action predicated upon usages and customs which the court considers binding on the community

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25
Q

constitution

A

the fundamental law that establishes the government, limits what government can and cannot do and states the underlying principles to which the government will conform

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26
Q

contract

A

an agreement between two or more competent persons which is enforceable by law

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27
Q

contract carrier

A

provides transportation for compensation only to those with whom it desires to do business (e.g., livery service)

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28
Q

constructive custody

A

the situation whereby one party has the right to acquire actual custody/possession of the dead body although another party has actual physical possession

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29
Q

coroner

A

a public officer whose duty it is to investigate cause of death when the question of accident, suicide or homicide may be evident or where there was no doctor in attendance. (medical examiner/justice of the peace)

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30
Q

corpse (dead human body)

A

the body of a dead human being, deprived of life, but not yet entirely disintegrated

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31
Q

cremated remains

A

the final product remaining after completion of the entire cremation/pulverization process. The product is never referred too as “cremains”

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32
Q

cremation

A

the reduction of a dead human body to inorganic bone fragments by intense heat in a specifically designed retort or chamber

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33
Q

crematory

A

the location of the retort/cremation chamber which will perform the cremation process

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34
Q

crime

A

an action in violation of constitution, statutes, or ordinances, e.g., treason, felony, midemeanor

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35
Q

custodian

A

status associated with funeral service practitioner/funeral establishment who becomes legal protector of dead human body from time of removal until final disposition

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36
Q

death

A

the cessation of life; permanent cessations of all vital functions and signs. (see additional definitions in embalming outline, PHT 6)

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37
Q

degree of kindred

A

relationship to decedent of his relatives; each generation is one degree, counting to a common ancestor

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38
Q

devise

A

a gift of real estate; the act/process of transferring ownership of real property. Devise applies to both transfers as well as by wills.

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39
Q

devisee

A

the person who receives real property through the process of a devise

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40
Q

disinterment (exhumation)

A

the removal of a human remains from previous location of final disposition

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41
Q

due diligence

A

the attention reasonably expected from, and ordinarily exercised by, a person who seeks to satisfy a legal requirement or to discharge an obligation

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42
Q

durable power of attorney

A

exists when one person appoints an agent; agent status which will become or remain effective in the event the original party should later become incapacitated.

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43
Q

embalmer

A

a person, properly licensed, who disinfects, preserves, and/or restores a dead human body

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44
Q

eminent domain

A

the inherent power of a government to take private property for public use. In the U.S. just compensation to the property owner(s) is required

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45
Q

entombment

A

the placing of remains in a crypt in a mausoleum

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46
Q

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

A

a governmental agency with environmental protection regulatory and enforcement authority

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47
Q

ascheat

A

forfeiture of a decedent’s property to the state in the absence of heirs

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48
Q

estate

A

the property of a deceased person, both real and/or personal

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49
Q

estrangement

A

the physical and/or emotional separation for a period of time showing the lack of affection, trust and regard

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50
Q

executor/executrix

A

a man/woman appointed by the will of a deceased person to carry out the provisions thereof and settle the estate.

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51
Q

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

A

an agency of federal government created in 1914 to promote free and fair competition by prevention of trade restraints, price fixing, false advertising and other unfair methods of competition

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52
Q

final disposition

A

the conclusive performance of services with respect to the dead human body by one of the legally recognized methods

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53
Q

funeral director (funeral service practitioner)

A

a person properly licensed, engaged in, or conducting, or holding himself/herself out as being engaged in:

  1. ) preparing, other than embalming, for the burial or disposition of dead human bodies and/or
  2. ) maintaining or operating a funeral establishment for the preparation and disposition, or for the care of dead human bodies
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54
Q

funeral establishment

A

a facility used in the care and preparation for the funeral and/or final disposition of dead human bodies

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55
Q

funeral service law (mortuary law/mortuary jurisprudence)

A

that branch of law which relates to matters concerned with the disposal of the dead and regulation of funeral directors/embalmers and funeral establishments

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56
Q

general power of attorney

A

a written instrument authorizing one person to do anything for the principal. In other words, one party has full power of attorney for another party

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57
Q

gross negligent act

A

the intentional failure to perform a manifest duty in reckless disregard of the consequences as affecting the life or property of another

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58
Q

guaranteed contract

A

an agreement whereby the funeral home promises that the services and merchandise will be provided at the time of need (in the future) for a sum not exceeding the original amount of the aforementioned contract plus any accruals, regardless of the current prices associated with providing the services and merchandise at the time of the funeral.

59
Q

guardian

A

a judicial appointment of one person to administer the affairs of another person who is incompetent by virtue of age or legal disability

60
Q

heir

A

one who inherits, or is entitled to receive property by will or by laws of intestacy

61
Q

holographic will

A

a will written entirely by the hand of the testator/testatrix

62
Q

householder

A

the occupier of a house; one who owns or controls real estate where a death occurs

63
Q

inheritance

A

the estate which passes from the decedent to his/her heirs

64
Q

insolvent estate

A

the condition of the estate of a deceased person which is unable to pay the debts of the decedent and/or the estate

65
Q

interment

A

the act of placing the dead human body in the ground

66
Q

interstate

A

between two or more states

67
Q

intestate

A

the state or condition of dying without having made a will; intestacy

68
Q

intestate succession

A

the method used to distribute property owned by a person who dies without a valid will

69
Q

intrastate

A

within a state

70
Q

inventory

A

listing and valuation of a decedent’s assets by personal representative of the estate

71
Q

invitee

A

one who has been invited on the property by the landowner; persons coming to a funeral home for the purpose of attending funerals, viewing remains, or engaging the funeral director’s services are some examples

72
Q

irrevocable contract

A

an agreement for future funeral services which cannot be terminated or canceled prior to the death of the beneficiary

73
Q

justice of the peace

A

a public officer whose duties in some jurisdictions may include among other things the investigation of death

74
Q

kin

A

one’s relatives collectively; referring to blood relationship (legally, the surviving spouse is not a kin)

75
Q

law

A

those rules of conduct commanding what is right and prohibiting what is wrong

76
Q

legatee

A

one who inherits personal property under a will

77
Q

liability

A

responsibility for actions and/or other debts; the quality or state of being legally obligated or accountable

78
Q

lien

A

a claim or charge against real or personal property for payment of some debt (there can be no lien against a dead human body for it is not property)

79
Q

livery

A

automotive equipment made available for hire

80
Q

living will

A

a document which governs the withholding or withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment from an individual in the event of an incurable or irreversible condition that will cause death within a relatively short time, and which becomes effective when such person is no longer able to make decisions regarding his/her medical treatment

81
Q

malpractice

A

improper or negligent professional act by a professional person

82
Q

medical examiner

A

a forensically-trained physician whose duty is to investigate questionable or unattended deaths (has replaced the coroner in many states)

83
Q

mental anguish

A

mental suffering resulting from grief, severe disappointment, indignation, wounded pride, shame, public humiliation, despair, etc., and may be accompanied by physical injury or by an outrageous intentional or grossly negligent act.

84
Q

morgue

A

a place where dead human bodies are kept until identified and/or released for final disposition

85
Q

mortgage

A

a secured loan on a parcel of real estate

86
Q

moral turpitude

A

an act showing inherent basenss or vilenss of principle; shameful wickedness; depravity

87
Q

mutilation

A

any altering or change made to a dead human body from the time of death, other than by natural causes

88
Q

negligence

A

failure to exercise ordinary care; omission to do something which a reasonable prudent person would do under ordinary or similar circumstances or the doing of something which a reasonable and prudent person would not do; the lack of due care (exercised by a wrongdoer who has not acted as a reasonable person would).

89
Q

non-guaranteed contract

A

agreement in which the funeral home promises to apply the amount pre-paid plus any accruals to the balance due. However, the cost of the funeral will be based upon the current price for the services and merchandise at the time the death occurs.

90
Q

nuisance

A

a landowner’s use of property which interferes with the public or another landowner’s use of his property

91
Q

nuisance in fact

A

acts, occupations or structures which are not nuisances per se, but may become nuisances by reason of the location or manner in which it is operated

92
Q

nuisance per se

A

acts, occupations or structures which are nuisances at all times and under all circumstances; it may be prejudicial to public morals, dangerous to life, or injurious to public rights

93
Q

nuncupative will

A

oral will declared or dictated by testator during last illness before appropriate witnesses to dispose of personal property and afterwards reduced to writing (not valid in all states)

94
Q

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

A

a governmental agency with the responsibility for regulatory and enforcement of safety and health matters for most employees

95
Q

ordinance

A

a law passed by a local municipal governing body (e.g., zoning, building, safety, etc.)

96
Q

outrageous act

A

an act with complete disregard for proper conduct which transcends the bounds of common decency

97
Q

per capita

A

the method of dividing an estate by which an equal share is given to each of a number of persons, all of whom stand in equal degree of kindred to the decedent

98
Q

personal representative

A

person who represents and administers the estate of deceased persons; executor and/or administrator of an estate

99
Q

personal service contract

A

contract which involves such knowledge, skills or confidence that it can only be performed by the person with whom it is made; a contract whereby both parties should recognize that any breach will usually cause anguish

100
Q

per stirpes

A

the method of proportionately dividing an estate between beneficiaries according to their deceased ancestor’s share

101
Q

police power

A

the inherent power of every government to make reasonable laws to protect the safety, health, morals and general welfare of its citizens

102
Q

power of attorney

A

an instrument granting someone authority to act as agent or attorney-in-fact for the grantor; an ordinary power of attorney is revocable and automatically terminates upon the death or incapacity of the principal

103
Q

precedent

A

a decision of a higher court (e.g., appellate or supreme court) which is thereafter followed as an example in subsequent similar cases

104
Q

preferred claim

A

a claim which is accorded a priority, advantage or privilege; a superior claim or right of payment as against another of the same kind or class. The first claim to be paid is the highest preferred claim and superior to all other claims

105
Q

pre-funded funeral arrangements

A

funeral arrangements made in advance of need that include provisions for funding or prepayment

106
Q

preparation room

A

that portion or location in a funeral establishment specifically designed and equipped for embalming and otherwise preparing dead human bodies

107
Q

pre-planned funeral arrangements

A

funeral arrangements made in advance of need that do no include provisions for funding or prepayment.

108
Q

priority

A
  1. ) the order in which claims will be paid when there are insufficient assets to pay all of the claims;
  2. ) the order in which certain classes of people have the right to make decisions concerning the disposition of the dead body
109
Q

private carrier

A

those who transport only in particular instances and only for those they choose to contract with (e.g., funeral home vehicles and livery)

110
Q

private cemetery

A

a cemetery owned by a private enterprise such as a corporation for profit, a non-profit corporation, partnership, sole owners, religious orders, etc.

111
Q

probate

A

the process of preserving the estate, determining the validity of a will and distributing the estate to the proper heirs

112
Q

probate court

A

a court having jurisdiction over estates

113
Q

probate estate

A

the property of a decedent that is subject to administration by the executor or administrator of an estate

114
Q

public cemetery

A

a cemetery owned by a governmental unit (federal, state or municipal)

115
Q

quasi contract

A

a fictional contract created or implied by a court for a person who is unable to contract for himself (e.g., medical care, death); an obligation which law creates in the absence of agreement; is invoked by courts where there is unjust enrichment

116
Q

quasi-property theory

A

the accepted theory of the legal status of a dead human body; rights associated with the body are as if it were property for the purpose of disposition only

117
Q

reciprocity

A

the relationship existing between two states whereby each extends some privileges of licensure to licensees of the other state

118
Q

replevin

A

an action to recover possession of wrongfully withheld personal property

119
Q

restrictive covenant

A

provision in a deed limiting the use of property and prohibiting certain uses

120
Q

revocable contract

A

agreement which may be terminated by the purchaser at any time prior to the death of the beneficiary with a refund of the monies paid on the contract as prescribed by state law

121
Q

revocation

A

the omission or cancellation of an instrument, act, license or promise

122
Q

rules and regulations

A

enactments by an administrative body within the jurisdiction of that agency

123
Q

secured claim

A

a debt which is supported by a pledge, mortgage or lien on assets belonging to the debtor

124
Q

soldiers and sailors will

A

a nuncupative will, informal in nature, in which a soldier in the field or sailor at sea may dispose of personal property only.

125
Q

solvent estate

A

an estate in which the assets exceed the liabilities

126
Q

springing power of attorney

A

a written instrument authorizing one person to act as an agent for another effective only upon a certain event occurring

127
Q

stare decisis

A

a policy of courts to stand by a precedent and apply it to all future cases where the facts are substantially the same; to stand by things decided

128
Q

statute

A

a law enacted by a federal or state legislative body

129
Q

statutory law

A

law created by legislative bodies in contrast to law generated by judicial opinions (case law) and administrative bodies

130
Q

testate

A

the condition of leaving a will at death

131
Q

testator

A

a man who makes a valid will

132
Q

testatrix

A

a woman who makes a valid will

133
Q

third party contracts

A

agreements which involve the funeral director/funeral home because the family being served has contracted with someone else (a third party) for services or merchandise also available from the funeral home i.e. caskets, vaults, urns, pre-need insurance, etc.

134
Q

tort

A

a private or civil wrong, other than breach of contract, for which there may be action for damages.

135
Q

trespasser

A

one who intentionally and without consent or privilege enters another’s property

136
Q

trust account

A

account established by one individual to be held for the benefit of another (as a method of payment for funeral expenses); creates a fiduciary responsibility. Money paid to a funeral home for future services is placed in an account with the funeral home as trustee for the benefit of another.

137
Q

trustee

A

one who holds title to property or another position of trust to a beneficiary; in funeral arrangements, the person who has the right to control funeral does so on behalf of all survivors

138
Q

Uniform Anatomical Gift Act (UAGA)

A

a law permitting a person of legal age and sound mind to give all or any party of his/her body to take effect upon his/her death or gives the right to another

139
Q

Uniform Probate Code

A

a model law intended to achieve uniformity in probate proceedings throughout the U.S.

140
Q

unsecured claim

A

a claim which is not supported by a pledge, mortgage or lien on other assets

141
Q

vital statistics

A

the registration, preparation, transcription, collection, compilation and preservation of data pertaining to births, adoptions, deaths, stillbirths, marital status, etc.

142
Q

volunteer driver

A

those drivers not under the control of the funeral director

143
Q

will

A

an instrument executed with required formality, by persons making disposition of their property to take effect upon their death

144
Q

zoning ordinance

A

a law passed by a municipality by virtue of the police power which regulates and prescribes the kind of building, residences, or businesses that shall be built and used in different parts of the municipality

SBE (14 decks)

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