Fundamentals of X rays-UR

Question 1

what are the three subatomic building blocks of an atom?

Answer 1

electrons, protons, and neutrons

Question 2

which subatomic building block orbits the nucleus?

Answer 2

electrons

Question 3

what are the two subatomic parts of a nucleus?

Answer 3

protons and neutrons

Question 4

What term describe atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses?

Answer 4

isotopes

Question 5

what is the letter designation for the first orbital shell around the nucleus?

Answer 5

the K-shell

Question 6

what is an element?

Answer 6

a collection of atoms that have the same chemical properties

Question 7

how is electromagnetic radiation measured?

Answer 7

with frequency and wavelength

Question 8

what characteristic enables X rays to penetrate materials?

Answer 8

short wavelengths

Question 9

What electromagnetic radiation has the same biological and photographic effect as X rays?

Answer 9

Gamma rays

Question 10

what natural property does spontaneous atomic disintegration describe?

Answer 10

radioactivity

Question 11

what happens when fast moving electrons change speed or direction abruptly?

Answer 11

energy in the form of X rays is produced

Question 12

what determines the energy of an X-ray photon?

Answer 12

the degree of deceleration by the electron

Question 13

what type of radiation contains one or more sharp peaks within a continuous spectrum?

Answer 13

characteristic radiation

Question 14

What area of the tube head is positive?

Answer 14

anode

Question 15

What area of a tube head is negative?

Answer 15

cathode

Question 16

how are electrons emitted in a tube head?

Answer 16

by heating a filament to a high temperature

Question 17

why is there a target in a tube head?

Answer 17

an electron beam has to strike a target before x rays are actually produced

Question 18

what material is generally used in the construction of a target?

Answer 18

tungsten

Question 19

Why is a small focal spot desired?

Answer 19

the smaller the focal spot- the better the detail of the x ray image

Question 20

what causes electrons to be accelerated to the target?

Answer 20

step-up transformers

Question 21

by which process do x rays give up all their energy to an orbital electron?

Answer 21

photoelectric effect (true absorption)

Question 22

which x-ray matter interaction results in both a displaced electron and a deflected x-ray photon?

Answer 22

Compton effect

Question 23

at what energy level does pair production occur?

Answer 23

1.02 MeV