fundamentals of sound - exam 1

Question 1

particles & waves - sound propagation

Answer 1

sound is a mechanical wave

moves through a medium by the movement of particles

Question 2

compression

Answer 2

areas of high pressure

Question 3

rarefaction

Answer 3

areas of low pressure

Question 4

sine waves

Answer 4

simple form

pure tone

frequency, amplitude, phase

Question 5

complex waves

Answer 5

sum of multiple sine waves

repeating patters, but more complex than simple sine waves

Question 6

frequency

Answer 6

number of cycles completed in 1 second

Hz

f = 1/T

Question 7

period

Answer 7

T

how long it takes for a wave to complete 1 cycle

Question 8

amplitude

Answer 8

height of a wave

loudness

Question 9

phase

Answer 9

position of the wave at a point in time

where in the wave it starts on the graph

measured in degrees

Question 10

power spectrum

Answer 10

no time dimension - single point in time

x axis = frequency
y axis = amplitude

Question 11

component frequencies

Answer 11

individual frequencies that make up a complex sound

Question 12

fundamental frequency

Answer 12

common denominator of all of the component frequencies

lowest

Question 13

aperiodic sounds

Answer 13

noise & transients

Question 14

noise

Answer 14

no repeating pattern

white noise

Question 15

transients

Answer 15

brief, non-repeating sounds

claps, bursts

Question 16

high pass filter

Answer 16

passes frequencies above a certain cutoff

Question 17

low pass filter

Answer 17

passes frequencies below a certain cutoff

Question 18

bandpass filter

Answer 18

passes frequencies within a specific range & attenuates frequencies outside this range

Question 19

bandwidth

Answer 19

the range of frequencies that a filter allows to pass thorugh

Question 20

series

Answer 20

only frequencies that will pass through both filters will pass through the combined filterp

Question 21

parallel

Answer 21

frequencies that pass through either filter will pass through the combined filter

Question 22

seconds –> milliseconds

Answer 22

1s = 1000ms

move decimal 3 places

Question 23

frequency & period

Answer 23

f = 1/T
T= 1/f

Question 24

time domain

Answer 24

represents a signal over time

Question 25

frequency domain

Answer 25

represents how much of each frequency is present in the signal at a single given time

Question 26

adding 2 sine waves in time domain

Answer 26

add amps at each point in time

Question 27

adding 2 sine waves in the freq domain

Answer 27

add component freqs

Question 28

steeper slopes indicate —– bandwidths

Answer 28

narrower bandwidths